Walden 6630 Psychopharmacology Midterm Study Guide perfectly answered 2024.

Serotonin regulates - answersMood, emotion, feeding, and reproductive behavior This class of antidepressants binds to presynaptic SERT and inhibits them from reuptake of serotonin to increase levels in the synaptic cleft to bind with postsysnaptic 5HT2 receptors - answersSSRIs First line therapy for MDD due to milder side effect profiles - answersSSRIs Six Common SSRIs - answerscitalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, paroxetine Onset of therapeutic benefit from SSRIs - answers4-6 weeks In addition to MDD, SSRIs also treat - answersChronic Anxiety, PTSD, OCD, and eating disorders (bulimia) Five Common side effects of SSRIs include - answersAnxiety, insomnia, GI distress, sexual dysfunction (ED), SIADH Severe side effect of SSRIs in children/adolescents under age 25 years old - answerssuicidal ideation Life threatening adverse effect of SSRIs, especially when used in combination with other serotonergic drugs (SNRIs, TCAs, MAOIs, etc.) - answersSerotonin Syndrome Excess accumulation of serotonin resulting in overstimulation of the nervous system - answersSerotonin Syndrome Seven symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome - answersFlushing, hyperthermia, agitation, muscle rigidity, seizure, coma, HYPERreflexia The treatment for serotonin syndrome - answersCyproheptadine (5-HT2 receptor antagonist) Cyproheptadine treats serotonin syndrome by - answersblocking 5-HT2 receptors (serotonin antagonist) When SSRIs or SNRIs are stopped abruptly, common symptoms of withdrawal include - answersIrritability, headaches, and insomnia Medicine specific side effect of citalopram - answersProlonged QT interval (normal=0.4.-0.44 seconds) This SSRI is pregnancy category D due to associations with congenital heart defects - answersParoxetine All SSRIs but paroxetine (D) are pregnancy category - answersC Three SSRIs that are inhibitors of Cytochrome P450 enzymes - answersfluoxetine, fluvoxamine, and paroxetine Five common SNRIs include - answersduloxetine, venlafaxine, desvenlafaxine, milnacipran, levomilnacipran This antidepressant class of medications works by binding to presynaptic SERT and NET to inhibit them from reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine to increase their levels in the synaptic cleft - answersSNRIs In addition to MDD SNRIs treat - answersAnxiety and neuropathic pain (peripheral neuropathy) Medication specific indications of duloxetine: - answersurinary incontinence and Fibromyalgia Medication specific indications of venlafaxine: - answerssocial anxiety, panic disorders, PTSD, OCD, postmenopausal hot flashes Six common side effects of SNRIs include: - answersInsomnia, nausea, sexual dysfunction, hypertension, sweating, headaches Severe side effect of SNRIs in children/adolescents under age 25 years old: - answerssuicidal ideation Life threatening adverse effect of SNRIs, especially when used in combination with other serotonergic drugs: - answersSerotonin Syndrome This SNRI is an inhibitor of Cytochrome P450 enzymes: - answersvenlafaxine This SNRI is hepatotoxic: - answersduloxetine MAOIs increase the levels of: - answersSerotonin, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine Norepinephrine regulates: - answersalertness and focus Dopamine regulates: - answerscognitive function, motivation, and awakeness In the synaptic cleft, Monoamine Oxidase A breaks down: - answersSerotonin, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine In the synaptic cleft, Monoamine Oxidase B breaks down: - answersDopamine MAOIs are especially effective in: - answersAtypical depression (mood responds to positive events and symptoms include increased appetite, weight gain, sleepiness, and fatigue) Non-selective MAOIs inhibit enzymes: - answersMAO-A and MAO-B Selective MAOIs only inhibit the enzyme: - answersMAO-B