Abstract class and method in Python

Introduction Of Abstract Classes and Methods in Python:

Python Abstract Classes and Methods:
In Python, abstract classes and methods are powerful tools for creating reusable
and maintainable code. Here's an introduction to abstract classes and methods in
Python.

Abstract Classes in Python:
An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated on its own. Instead, it
serves as a base class for other classes to inherit from. Abstract classes can
define abstract methods, which are methods without a body that need to be
implemented by the child classes. The syntax for defining an abstract class in
Python is in following.

for example for abstraction:

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class MyAbstractClass(ABC):
@abstractmethod
def my_abstract_method(self):
pass
In the above example, MyAbstractClass is an abstract class with one abstract method
my_abstract_method.

Rules for Abstract Classes
An abstract class in Python must follow these rules:

It must inherit from the ABC class or another abstract class.
It can define abstract methods with the @abstractmethod decorator.
It cannot be instantiated directly.
Creating a Project with Abstract Classes and Methods
When creating a project with abstract classes and methods, it's important to
identify the common functionality that can be shared between multiple classes. By
defining an abstract class with abstract methods, we can ensure that all child
classes implement this common functionality.

Defining Abstract Classes and Methods in Python
To define an abstract class and method in Python, we can use the ABC class and the
@abstractmethod decorator. Here's an example:

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class Shape(ABC):
@abstractmethod
def area(self):
pass

class Rectangle(Shape):
def __init__(self, width, height):
self.width = width
self.height = height

def area(self):
return self.width * self.height

class Circle(Shape):
def __init__(self, radius):
self.radius = radius