MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
SKELETAL SYSTEM
- A skeleton provides a rigid structure to Two Main Divisions:
which muscles attach 1. Axial skeleton
- Skull
Three types of skeletal systems: - Vertebral
1. Hydrostatic skeletons (lack hard parts) - Column
2. Exoskeletons (external hard parts) - Sternum
3. Endoskeletons (internal hard parts) - Ribs
Functions: 2. Appendicular skeleton
1. Provide supporting framework - The limbs
2. Surfaces for muscle attachment
3. Protection for vulnerable organs
4. Production of blood cells
5. Storage of minerals
HYDROSTATIC SKELETONS
- fluid-filled sac
- Consists of fluid held under pressure in a
closed body compartment
- The main type of skeleton in most
cnidarians, flatworms, nematodes, and
annelids
BONE
Earthworms
- alternate contractions of circular and
longitudinal muscles in the body wall - a living tissue that differs from other
connective anti-supportive tissues by having
Annelids significant deposits of inorganic calcium salts
- Use their hydrostatic skeleton for peristalsis laid down in an extracellular matrix
- A type of movement produced by composed of collagenous fibers in a
rhythmic waves of muscle protein-sugar gel
contractions from front to back
LONG BONES
EXOSKELETON
- hard external part
- Hard encasement deposited on the surface
of an animal
- Found in most mollusks and arthropods
Arthropods
- have a jointed exoskeleton called a cuticle,
a coat secreted by the epidermis
- The polysaccharides found in arthropod
cuticle
ENDOSKELETON
- Hard internal skeleton buried in soft tissue
- Sponges to mammals (+200 bones) Epiphysis
- Some bones are connected at joints by - At either end of a long bone
ligaments that allow freedom of movement - Consists of spongy bone with a thin outer
layer of compact bone
SKELETAL SYSTEM
- A skeleton provides a rigid structure to Two Main Divisions:
which muscles attach 1. Axial skeleton
- Skull
Three types of skeletal systems: - Vertebral
1. Hydrostatic skeletons (lack hard parts) - Column
2. Exoskeletons (external hard parts) - Sternum
3. Endoskeletons (internal hard parts) - Ribs
Functions: 2. Appendicular skeleton
1. Provide supporting framework - The limbs
2. Surfaces for muscle attachment
3. Protection for vulnerable organs
4. Production of blood cells
5. Storage of minerals
HYDROSTATIC SKELETONS
- fluid-filled sac
- Consists of fluid held under pressure in a
closed body compartment
- The main type of skeleton in most
cnidarians, flatworms, nematodes, and
annelids
BONE
Earthworms
- alternate contractions of circular and
longitudinal muscles in the body wall - a living tissue that differs from other
connective anti-supportive tissues by having
Annelids significant deposits of inorganic calcium salts
- Use their hydrostatic skeleton for peristalsis laid down in an extracellular matrix
- A type of movement produced by composed of collagenous fibers in a
rhythmic waves of muscle protein-sugar gel
contractions from front to back
LONG BONES
EXOSKELETON
- hard external part
- Hard encasement deposited on the surface
of an animal
- Found in most mollusks and arthropods
Arthropods
- have a jointed exoskeleton called a cuticle,
a coat secreted by the epidermis
- The polysaccharides found in arthropod
cuticle
ENDOSKELETON
- Hard internal skeleton buried in soft tissue
- Sponges to mammals (+200 bones) Epiphysis
- Some bones are connected at joints by - At either end of a long bone
ligaments that allow freedom of movement - Consists of spongy bone with a thin outer
layer of compact bone
