Chapter 06: Infection Prevention and Control deWit: Medical-Surgical Nursing: Concepts & Practice, 3rd Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse is teaching a patient about infection prevention. The nurse points out that covering the mouth and nose with a tissue for a sneeze reduces the probability of infection spreading by which route? a. Droplet b. Airborne c. Direct contact d. Indirect contact ANS: A Infection from the droplet route requires the pathogens be expelled in droplets from the host and inhaled by another host. PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 101 OBJ:1 (theory) TOP: Disease-Producing Pathogens KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control 2. The nurse is providing infection control teaching to a patient. Which patient statement warrants additional patientteaching? a. “It is important that I get my whooping cough vaccination as directed by my health care provider.” b. “Getting plenty of sleep each night will help my immune system.” c. “I should wash my hands before preparing my food.” d. “It is important that I take my antibiotic until my symptoms have completely resolved.” ANS: D Antibiotics must be completed in entirety. Partial completion of a protocol of prescribed antimicrobial medication can cause a pathogen to become resistant to that particular drug. Vaccinations, adequate rest, and proper hand hygiene are important infection control measures. PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF:101, 113,Table 6-7 OBJ:1 (theory) TOP: Infection Control Measures KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control 3. When the patient complains, “If this viral infection I have right now can’t be helped by antibiotics, why am I taking this expensive acyclovir?” How should the nurse respond? a. “Acyclovir is an antiviral drug that kills viruses.” b. “Acyclovir is given to many patients with viral infections.” c. “Acyclovir is an antiviral drug that prevents your infection from becoming worse.” d. “Acyclovir helps strengthen your immune system.” ANS: C The patient currently has a viral infection; acyclovir is an antiviral drug that will decrease the virulence of the infection if started in the early phase of the infection. The drug may not kill the virus and is not given frequently to patients with viruses. Acyclovir will not strengthen the immune system. PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 101 OBJ:8 (theory) TOP: Viruses KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control 4. The clinic nurse offers suggestions to a patient who is planning a trip to Mexico that will help prevent a protozoaninfection. Which suggestion is most helpful? a. “Ask the doctor for a prophylactic prescription for an antiviral drug.” b. “Broad-spectrum antibiotics will be most helpful if you contract a protozoan infection.” c. “Be sure to practice good hand hygiene while on your vacation.” d. “It would be best if you drank bottled water while on your trip.”