NUR3805
NURSING ROLE
AND SCOPE
EXAM Q & A
2024
,1. A nurse is working in a community health center that serves
a diverse population of immigrants and refugees. The nurse
wants to provide culturally competent care to the clients.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a) Assume that the clients share the same beliefs and values as
the nurse.
b) Use an interpreter when communicating with clients who
have limited English proficiency.
c) Respect the clients' preferences and practices related to
health and illness.
d) Impose the nurse's own values and norms on the clients to
promote their well-being.
*Answer: c) Respect the clients' preferences and practices
related to health and illness.*
Rationale: Culturally competent care is based on respecting,
understanding, and responding to the diverse needs, values,
beliefs, and preferences of clients from different cultural
backgrounds. The nurse should avoid making assumptions,
stereotyping, or judging the clients based on their culture, and
should use appropriate communication strategies such as
interpreters or translators when needed.
2. A nurse is conducting a research study on the effectiveness
of a new intervention for chronic pain management. The nurse
has obtained informed consent from the participants and has
explained the purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits of the
study. The nurse also informs the participants that they have
the right to withdraw from the study at any time without any
negative consequences. Which ethical principle is the nurse
demonstrating?
a) Beneficence
b) Nonmaleficence
c) Autonomy
d) Justice
*Answer: c) Autonomy*
Rationale: Autonomy is the ethical principle that respects the
right of individuals to make their own decisions and choices.
The nurse is respecting the autonomy of the participants by
,obtaining their voluntary consent and allowing them to
withdraw from the study if they wish.
3. A nurse is leading a quality improvement project in a
hospital unit. The nurse wants to use a systematic approach to
identify and analyze problems, implement changes, and
evaluate outcomes. Which of the following models or tools
should the nurse use?
a) SWOT analysis
b) PDSA cycle
c) Root cause analysis
d) Fishbone diagram
*Answer: b) PDSA cycle*
Rationale: The PDSA cycle (Plan-Do-Study-Act) is a model for
quality improvement that involves planning a change, testing
it on a small scale, studying the results, and acting on what is
learned. The cycle can be repeated until the desired outcome
is achieved.
4. A nurse is working in a palliative care unit that provides
end-of-life care to terminally ill patients and their families.
The nurse observes that one of the patients, who has advanced
cancer, is experiencing dyspnea, anxiety, and restlessness. The
patient's family members are also distressed and ask the nurse
to do something to help their loved one. Which of the
following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
a) Administering oxygen therapy to relieve dyspnea.
b) Administering morphine to relieve pain and dyspnea.
c) Providing emotional support and education to the family.
d) Consulting with the interdisciplinary team to review the
goals of care.
*Answer: b) Administering morphine to relieve pain and
dyspnea.*
Rationale: Morphine is an opioid analgesic that can also
reduce dyspnea by decreasing respiratory drive, anxiety, and
oxygen demand. Morphine is commonly used in palliative
care to manage pain and dyspnea in terminally ill patients.
The other interventions are also important, but relieving the
, patient's physical distress is the priority.
5. A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about
evidence-based practice (EBP). The nurse explains that EBP is
a process that involves integrating the best available research
evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences to
make decisions about patient care. The nurse asks the students
to identify the sources of evidence that can be used in EBP.
Which of the following sources are valid? Select all that apply.
a) Peer-reviewed journal articles
b) Clinical practice guidelines
c) Expert opinions
d) Personal experiences
e) Systematic reviews
*Answer: a), b), c), e)*
Rationale: Peer-reviewed journal articles, clinical practice
guidelines, expert opinions, and systematic reviews are all
sources of evidence that can be used in EBP. Personal
experiences are not considered as evidence because they are
subjective and may not be generalizable or reliable.
6. A nurse is working in an emergency department (ED) that
has a high turnover rate and low staff satisfaction. The nurse
suspects that one of the reasons for this situation is poor
leadership from the ED manager. Which of the following
behaviors or characteristics of the manager indicate ineffective
leadership? Select all that apply.
a) The manager does not communicate clearly or frequently
with the staff.
b) The manager does not solicit feedback or input from the
staff.
c) The manager does not delegate tasks or responsibilities to
the staff.
d) The manager does not recognize or reward the staff for
their achievements.
e) The manager does not provide opportunities for
professional development or mentoring to the staff.
*Answer: a), b), c), d), e)*
NURSING ROLE
AND SCOPE
EXAM Q & A
2024
,1. A nurse is working in a community health center that serves
a diverse population of immigrants and refugees. The nurse
wants to provide culturally competent care to the clients.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a) Assume that the clients share the same beliefs and values as
the nurse.
b) Use an interpreter when communicating with clients who
have limited English proficiency.
c) Respect the clients' preferences and practices related to
health and illness.
d) Impose the nurse's own values and norms on the clients to
promote their well-being.
*Answer: c) Respect the clients' preferences and practices
related to health and illness.*
Rationale: Culturally competent care is based on respecting,
understanding, and responding to the diverse needs, values,
beliefs, and preferences of clients from different cultural
backgrounds. The nurse should avoid making assumptions,
stereotyping, or judging the clients based on their culture, and
should use appropriate communication strategies such as
interpreters or translators when needed.
2. A nurse is conducting a research study on the effectiveness
of a new intervention for chronic pain management. The nurse
has obtained informed consent from the participants and has
explained the purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits of the
study. The nurse also informs the participants that they have
the right to withdraw from the study at any time without any
negative consequences. Which ethical principle is the nurse
demonstrating?
a) Beneficence
b) Nonmaleficence
c) Autonomy
d) Justice
*Answer: c) Autonomy*
Rationale: Autonomy is the ethical principle that respects the
right of individuals to make their own decisions and choices.
The nurse is respecting the autonomy of the participants by
,obtaining their voluntary consent and allowing them to
withdraw from the study if they wish.
3. A nurse is leading a quality improvement project in a
hospital unit. The nurse wants to use a systematic approach to
identify and analyze problems, implement changes, and
evaluate outcomes. Which of the following models or tools
should the nurse use?
a) SWOT analysis
b) PDSA cycle
c) Root cause analysis
d) Fishbone diagram
*Answer: b) PDSA cycle*
Rationale: The PDSA cycle (Plan-Do-Study-Act) is a model for
quality improvement that involves planning a change, testing
it on a small scale, studying the results, and acting on what is
learned. The cycle can be repeated until the desired outcome
is achieved.
4. A nurse is working in a palliative care unit that provides
end-of-life care to terminally ill patients and their families.
The nurse observes that one of the patients, who has advanced
cancer, is experiencing dyspnea, anxiety, and restlessness. The
patient's family members are also distressed and ask the nurse
to do something to help their loved one. Which of the
following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
a) Administering oxygen therapy to relieve dyspnea.
b) Administering morphine to relieve pain and dyspnea.
c) Providing emotional support and education to the family.
d) Consulting with the interdisciplinary team to review the
goals of care.
*Answer: b) Administering morphine to relieve pain and
dyspnea.*
Rationale: Morphine is an opioid analgesic that can also
reduce dyspnea by decreasing respiratory drive, anxiety, and
oxygen demand. Morphine is commonly used in palliative
care to manage pain and dyspnea in terminally ill patients.
The other interventions are also important, but relieving the
, patient's physical distress is the priority.
5. A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about
evidence-based practice (EBP). The nurse explains that EBP is
a process that involves integrating the best available research
evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences to
make decisions about patient care. The nurse asks the students
to identify the sources of evidence that can be used in EBP.
Which of the following sources are valid? Select all that apply.
a) Peer-reviewed journal articles
b) Clinical practice guidelines
c) Expert opinions
d) Personal experiences
e) Systematic reviews
*Answer: a), b), c), e)*
Rationale: Peer-reviewed journal articles, clinical practice
guidelines, expert opinions, and systematic reviews are all
sources of evidence that can be used in EBP. Personal
experiences are not considered as evidence because they are
subjective and may not be generalizable or reliable.
6. A nurse is working in an emergency department (ED) that
has a high turnover rate and low staff satisfaction. The nurse
suspects that one of the reasons for this situation is poor
leadership from the ED manager. Which of the following
behaviors or characteristics of the manager indicate ineffective
leadership? Select all that apply.
a) The manager does not communicate clearly or frequently
with the staff.
b) The manager does not solicit feedback or input from the
staff.
c) The manager does not delegate tasks or responsibilities to
the staff.
d) The manager does not recognize or reward the staff for
their achievements.
e) The manager does not provide opportunities for
professional development or mentoring to the staff.
*Answer: a), b), c), d), e)*
