NCLEX-RN 2023 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.

Isotonic IV fluids NS And lactated Ringers Are used as fluid replacement for fluid volume deficit Serum phenytoin 10-20 mcg/ml Normal glucose Infant 40-60mg/dl Normal resp for infant 30-60 Normal temp for infant 97.7-99.7 What is the antidote for norepinephrine? Phentolamine (Regitine) What is autonomic dysreflexia? Life-threatening condition in a client with high spinal cord injury Classic symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia? Severe hypotension, throbbing headache,diaphoresis,bradycardia,flushing and piloerection. Magnesium 1.5-2.5 mEq What is the therapeutic magnesium level to prevent seizures in a preeclamptic client? 4-7 mEq Absent or decreased deep-tendon reflexes Earliest sign of magnesium toxicity Calcium gluconate (antidote) Magnesium toxicity Magnesium sulfate IV antidote? Calcium gluconate IV Acetaminophen N-acetylcysteine Most effective if given w/in 8hrs of ingesting acetaminophen Anticholinergics Physostigmine Arsenic Chelation therapy: carpol cillamine um disodium edetate 4. Succimer Benzodiazepines Flumazenil Beta blockers (High dose) glucagon Calcium channel blockers Glucagon, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate Cholinergics Atropine,pralidoxime Cyanide Amyl nitrate Sodium thiosulfate Hyperbaric oxygen chamber Digitalis/digoxin Digoxin antibodies: digoxin immune fab, digifab,digibind Dnoxaparin Protamine sulfate Ethylene glycol Ethanol Fomepizole Pyridoxine hydrochloride(vitamin b6) Heparin Protamine sulfate Hypoglycemic agents Glucagon Octreotide Iron Deferoxamine mesylate Lead Chelation therapy 1. Dimercarpol 2. Penincillamine 3. Succimer Mercury Chelation therapy Methanol Folic acid and then folic acid fomepizole Mushrooms,muscarinic Atropine sulfate Nerve gas( sarin, soman and VX) Atropine sulfate Pralidoxime chloride Opiods(codeine,morphine) Naloxone, nalmefene Snakes( rattle snakes,copperheads, cottonmouth) Antivenin(crotalidae) polyvalent(equine origin) crotalidae polyvalent immune fab(ovine) Spiders(black widow) Antivenin( latrodectus Mactans) equine Tricyclic antidepressants Sodium bicarbonate Vasopressor infiltration and extravasation Phentolamine mesylate Warfarin Phytonadione( vitamin k) Normal neonate HR 110-160 60 compression are started Creatinine 0.6-1.3 BUN 6-20 Hematocrit 39-50% Hemoglobin 13.2 -17.3 Therapeutic INR Client with mechanical heart valve 2.5-3.5 Normal INR 0.75-1.25 Therapeutic INR to treat A-FIB 2-3 Normal CVP 2-8 Elevated CVP can indicate? Right ventricular failure aka fluid volume over load S/S fluid overload: Peripheral edema Increase urine output that is dilute Rapid weight gain S3 heart soundin adults Tachypnea,dyspnea,crackle in lungs Boundig peripheral pulses What is refeeding syndrome? A potential lethal complication of nutritional replenishment in malnourished pt Key signs of refeeding syndrome? Rapid decline in phosphorus, potassium, and/or magnesium What is a potential complication of acute pericarditis? Cardiac tamponade S/S of tamponade JVD, distant heart sounds, and decreased bp 5 stages of grief denial, anger,bargain,depression,acceptance what is wernickes (kortakoff's) syndrome? Psychosis induced by Vitamin B1(thiamine) deficiency Primary symptoms of wernickes (kortakoof's) syndrome? amnesia with confabulation (making up stories) what is aversion therapy? when you try and make the patient hate something antabus/Revia onset and duration used for aversion therapy? 2 weeks pt. teaching on antaeus /Revia: avoid all forms of alcohol to avoid nausea, vomiting, death the difference between alcohol withdrawals and delirium tremens? alcohol withdrawals is NOT life threating delirious tremens CAN kill you how to remember aminoglycoslides? think " A MEAN OLD MACIN" when are aminoglycolides given? used to treat serious, life threatening and resilienant infection what most you remember about aminoglycolides? all aminoglycolides end in MYCIN but not all drugs that end in MYCIN are aminoglycolides examples of wanna be mycin's? azythromycin, clarithromycin, arthromycin toxic effect of aminoglycolides? ototoxicity: monitor hearing, balance, and tints neprotoxocoty: monitor creatine (kidney) frequency of aminoglycolides adminstration? every 8 hrs when do you only give amnioglycolides PO? hepatic encepalopathy ( r/t high ammonia levels) pre op bowel prep who can sterilize your bowels? "Neo-Kan" when do you ALWAYS draw the through? 30 minutes before next dose when do you draw the peak levels of sublingual medications? 5-10 min after drug dissolved when do you draw the peak level IV medications? 15-30 min after medication is finished when do you draw the peak level of IM medication? 30-60 min after injecting it how to take off PPE? take it off alphabetic order gloves, googles, gowns, mask how to put on PPE? put it on alphabetic order only that mask comes second gowns, mask, googles, gloves what are calcium channel blockers? they are like valium for the heart. what does that mean? it relaxes the heart what are calcium channel blockers consider? calcium channel blockers are cardiac depressants. they are considered negative inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic. medications: calcium channel blockers, beta blockers what are cardiac stimulants? positive inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic medications are: atropine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine what does calcium channel blockers treat? anti hypertensive (decrease bp) anti angina anti-atrial arrhythmic ( atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation)