UPDATED 2024 Family Medicine EOR

peripheral zone the largest zone of the prostate and most common location for prostatic cancer transitional zone the prostatic zone that is the most common site for benign prostatic hypertrophy Finasteride 5-alpha reductase inhibitor used to treat BPH Tamsulosin alpha 1 blocker used to treat BPH e coli MC organisim acute prostatitis over 35 yo enterococci MC organisim chronic prostatitis seminoma MC germinal cell testicular CA - simple aka no tumor markers, sensitive to rads, slow growing, stepwise spread tamoxifen anti estrogen breast CA med useful for ER positive breast CAs aromatase inhinitors letrozole, anastrozole trastuzumab (herceptin) Her2 positive breast CA treatment. can cause cardiotoxicty Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome perihepatitis and PID which causes RUQ pain Melasma Brownish pigmentation of the face during pregnancy; also called chloasma and "mask of pregnancy" pterygium bulimia nervosa Patient with a history of binge eating followed by purging via forced vomiting, purging via laxative abuse, driven exercise or fasting PE will show dental erosions and calloused knuckles fluoxitine SSRI choice for bulimia nervosa Pheochromocytoma hypersecretion of epi/norepi = PHE = palpitations, HA, Excessive sweating Dexamethasone suppression test test for cushings hypokalemia and hypernatremia electrolyte inbalnces of cushings dz hyperkalemia and hyponatremia electrolyte abnormalities in Adrenal insuficiency Addison's disease presents with hypoglycemia, hyperpigmentation, fatigue, weakness, syncope ACTH stimulation test test for addisonss disease Graves disease an autoimmune disorder that is causes hyperthyroidism and is characterized by goiter and/or exophthalmos Hashimoto's thyroiditis an autoimmune disease in which the body's own antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland leading to hypothyroidism PTU hyperthyroidism drug used during pregnancy biguanides oral treatment option for DM that reduces hepatic glucose production biguanides side effects of this DM tx include lactic acidosis, hepatic or renal impairment, GI upset and decreased B12 absorption metformin biguanide drug glipizide, glyburide Sulfonylureas sulfonylureas DM treatment that works by increasing insulin production, therefore can cause hypoglycemia Sulfonylureas DM treatment that can cause weight gain and disulfiram reaction pioglitazone, rosiglitazone Thiazolidinediones Thiazolidineiones/TZDs