NURSING 7470
Advanced
Pharmacology
Q & A w/ Rationales
2024
,1. Which statement best describes the pathophysiology of
autoimmune disorders?
a) The immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own
healthy cells and tissues.
b) Immunodeficiency occurs due to excessive production
of antibodies.
c) Allergies occur due to an overactive immune response to
harmless pathogens.
d) Viruses and bacteria invade the body, resulting in severe
inflammation and tissue damage.
Answer: a) The immune system mistakenly attacks the
body's own healthy cells and tissues.
Rationale: Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune
system fails to recognize self from non-self, leading to an
immune response against the body's own cells and tissues.
2. How does hypertension contribute to the development of
heart failure?
a) Increased blood pressure causes the heart muscle to
become stronger and more efficient.
b) Hypertension leads to the buildup of fatty plaques in the
coronary arteries.
c) Elevated blood pressure increases the workload on the
heart, leading to myocardial remodeling.
d) Hypertension causes the heart valves to function
improperly, leading to decreased cardiac output.
Answer: c) Elevated blood pressure increases the workload
on the heart, leading to myocardial remodeling.
, Rationale: Hypertension causes the heart to work harder to
pump blood, leading to hypertrophy and remodeling of the
heart muscle, which can eventually result in heart failure.
3. Which of the following is a characteristic of type 1
diabetes mellitus?
a) Insulin resistance in peripheral tissues
b) Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
c) Excessive release of glucagon from the pancreas
d) Impaired glucose utilization in the liver
Answer: b) Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune
condition where the immune system attacks and destroys
the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, resulting in
reduced or absent insulin production.
4. What role does inflammation play in the
pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
a) Inflammation promotes the repair of damaged joints in
RA.
b) Inflammatory mediators protect the joints from further
damage.
c) Chronic inflammation leads to joint destruction and
deformity.
d) Inflammation is not a significant factor in the
development of RA.
Answer: c) Chronic inflammation leads to joint destruction
and deformity.
Advanced
Pharmacology
Q & A w/ Rationales
2024
,1. Which statement best describes the pathophysiology of
autoimmune disorders?
a) The immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own
healthy cells and tissues.
b) Immunodeficiency occurs due to excessive production
of antibodies.
c) Allergies occur due to an overactive immune response to
harmless pathogens.
d) Viruses and bacteria invade the body, resulting in severe
inflammation and tissue damage.
Answer: a) The immune system mistakenly attacks the
body's own healthy cells and tissues.
Rationale: Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune
system fails to recognize self from non-self, leading to an
immune response against the body's own cells and tissues.
2. How does hypertension contribute to the development of
heart failure?
a) Increased blood pressure causes the heart muscle to
become stronger and more efficient.
b) Hypertension leads to the buildup of fatty plaques in the
coronary arteries.
c) Elevated blood pressure increases the workload on the
heart, leading to myocardial remodeling.
d) Hypertension causes the heart valves to function
improperly, leading to decreased cardiac output.
Answer: c) Elevated blood pressure increases the workload
on the heart, leading to myocardial remodeling.
, Rationale: Hypertension causes the heart to work harder to
pump blood, leading to hypertrophy and remodeling of the
heart muscle, which can eventually result in heart failure.
3. Which of the following is a characteristic of type 1
diabetes mellitus?
a) Insulin resistance in peripheral tissues
b) Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
c) Excessive release of glucagon from the pancreas
d) Impaired glucose utilization in the liver
Answer: b) Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune
condition where the immune system attacks and destroys
the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, resulting in
reduced or absent insulin production.
4. What role does inflammation play in the
pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
a) Inflammation promotes the repair of damaged joints in
RA.
b) Inflammatory mediators protect the joints from further
damage.
c) Chronic inflammation leads to joint destruction and
deformity.
d) Inflammation is not a significant factor in the
development of RA.
Answer: c) Chronic inflammation leads to joint destruction
and deformity.
