ANA 442 Cumulative Quizzes Spring 2022 with complete
solutions
Which of the following statements about action potentials is FALSE?
X The magnitude of the AP is proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus that evoked
it
- APs are initiated only when the membrane potential rises above a threshold.
- APs can be propagated along neuronal processes with little or no decay.
- APs can sometimes propagate in dendrites, in addition to axons.
Actin filaments:
- Can cause membrane protrusions responsible for cell shape changes and cell
movement
- Interact with other scaffolding proteins in the synpase active zones
- Are concentrated at peripheral sites near the plasma membrane, including at pre- and
postsynaptic sites.
X All of the above
- None of the above
Calcium ions (Ca2+) entering the presynaptic terminal binds to:
- Synapsin
X Synaptotagmin
- SNAP-25
- Rab3
Which of the types of proteins synthesized on free ribosomes (rather than ribosomes
associated with the endoplasmic reticulum)?
X Nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins
- Secreted proteins
- Transmembrane proteins
- All of the above
- None of the above
Each odorant activates many ORNs, and each ORN is activated by multiple odorants.
What does this suggest about the detection of odor?
- Each odorant is identified by activating a receptor unique to that specific chemical
X Each odorant activates a unique set of ORNs and this combination results in
identification of the specific chemical
- Odorant identification is dependent on the volume of chemical available to receptors
The heteromeric T1R2 + T1R3 receptor detects tastants of which modality?
- Bitter
X Sweet
- Sour
- Salty
- Umami
Which of the following is NOT part of the series of events that leads to cochlear hair cell
depolarization?
, - Vibration of fluid in the inner ear leads to deflection of stereocilia on the apical surface
of hair cells
- Fluctuations of air pressure lead to vibration of fluid in the inner ear
- Depolarization of hair cells triggers release of neurotransmitter onto the peripheral
endings of spiral ganglion neurons, which relay sound information to the brain
X Deflection of stereocilia activates a second messenger cascade in the hair cell, which
ultimately leads to opening of K+ channels and depolarization.
As a result of their electromotility, depolarization causes outer hair cells to:
X Shorten along the axis perpendicular to the basilar membrane
- Lengthen along the axis parallel to the basilar membrane
- Lengthen along the axis perpendicular to the basilar membrane
- Shorten along the axis parallel to the basilar membrane
In muscle, sarcomeres are composed of overlapping thick and thin filaments: thin
filaments contain ____________, and thick filaments contain ____________.
- Filamentous actin (F-actin); dynein
X Filamentous actin (F-actin); myosin
- Microtubules; dynein
- Microtubules; kinesin
A motor ____________ consists of a motor neuron and the set of muscle fibers it
innervates; a motor ____________ consists of all the motor neurons that innervate the
same muscle.
- Group; pool
- Group; unit
- Pool; group
- Pool; unit
- Unit; group
X Unit; pool
During muscle contraction, motor neurons that are parts of smaller motor units are
usually activated ____________ motor neurons that are parts of larger motor units.
X Before
- At the same time as
- After
Activation of direct pathway striatal spiny projection neurons ____________ locomotion;
activation of indirect pathway striatal spiny projection neurons ____________
locomotion.
- Decreases; decreases
- Decreases; has no effect on
- Decreases; increases
X Increases; decreases
- Increases; has no effect on
- Increases; increases
Amyloid β is produced from amyloid precursor protein by sequential cleavage by:
- α-secretase followed by β-secretase
- β-secretase followed by α-secretase
- γ-secretase followed by α-secretase
- α-secretase followed by γ-secretase
solutions
Which of the following statements about action potentials is FALSE?
X The magnitude of the AP is proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus that evoked
it
- APs are initiated only when the membrane potential rises above a threshold.
- APs can be propagated along neuronal processes with little or no decay.
- APs can sometimes propagate in dendrites, in addition to axons.
Actin filaments:
- Can cause membrane protrusions responsible for cell shape changes and cell
movement
- Interact with other scaffolding proteins in the synpase active zones
- Are concentrated at peripheral sites near the plasma membrane, including at pre- and
postsynaptic sites.
X All of the above
- None of the above
Calcium ions (Ca2+) entering the presynaptic terminal binds to:
- Synapsin
X Synaptotagmin
- SNAP-25
- Rab3
Which of the types of proteins synthesized on free ribosomes (rather than ribosomes
associated with the endoplasmic reticulum)?
X Nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins
- Secreted proteins
- Transmembrane proteins
- All of the above
- None of the above
Each odorant activates many ORNs, and each ORN is activated by multiple odorants.
What does this suggest about the detection of odor?
- Each odorant is identified by activating a receptor unique to that specific chemical
X Each odorant activates a unique set of ORNs and this combination results in
identification of the specific chemical
- Odorant identification is dependent on the volume of chemical available to receptors
The heteromeric T1R2 + T1R3 receptor detects tastants of which modality?
- Bitter
X Sweet
- Sour
- Salty
- Umami
Which of the following is NOT part of the series of events that leads to cochlear hair cell
depolarization?
, - Vibration of fluid in the inner ear leads to deflection of stereocilia on the apical surface
of hair cells
- Fluctuations of air pressure lead to vibration of fluid in the inner ear
- Depolarization of hair cells triggers release of neurotransmitter onto the peripheral
endings of spiral ganglion neurons, which relay sound information to the brain
X Deflection of stereocilia activates a second messenger cascade in the hair cell, which
ultimately leads to opening of K+ channels and depolarization.
As a result of their electromotility, depolarization causes outer hair cells to:
X Shorten along the axis perpendicular to the basilar membrane
- Lengthen along the axis parallel to the basilar membrane
- Lengthen along the axis perpendicular to the basilar membrane
- Shorten along the axis parallel to the basilar membrane
In muscle, sarcomeres are composed of overlapping thick and thin filaments: thin
filaments contain ____________, and thick filaments contain ____________.
- Filamentous actin (F-actin); dynein
X Filamentous actin (F-actin); myosin
- Microtubules; dynein
- Microtubules; kinesin
A motor ____________ consists of a motor neuron and the set of muscle fibers it
innervates; a motor ____________ consists of all the motor neurons that innervate the
same muscle.
- Group; pool
- Group; unit
- Pool; group
- Pool; unit
- Unit; group
X Unit; pool
During muscle contraction, motor neurons that are parts of smaller motor units are
usually activated ____________ motor neurons that are parts of larger motor units.
X Before
- At the same time as
- After
Activation of direct pathway striatal spiny projection neurons ____________ locomotion;
activation of indirect pathway striatal spiny projection neurons ____________
locomotion.
- Decreases; decreases
- Decreases; has no effect on
- Decreases; increases
X Increases; decreases
- Increases; has no effect on
- Increases; increases
Amyloid β is produced from amyloid precursor protein by sequential cleavage by:
- α-secretase followed by β-secretase
- β-secretase followed by α-secretase
- γ-secretase followed by α-secretase
- α-secretase followed by γ-secretase
