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Artificial Intelligence basics

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Agents can be classified into different types based on their characteristics,
such as whether they are reactive or proactive, whether they have a fixed or
dynamic environment, and whether they are single or multi-agent systems.
 Reactive agents are those that respond to immediate stimuli from
their environment and take actions based on those stimuli.
Proactive agents, on the other hand, take initiative and plan ahead
to achieve their goals. The environment in which an agent operates
can also be fixed or dynamic. Fixed environments have a static set
of rules that do not change, while dynamic environments are
constantly changing and require agents to adapt to new situations.
 Multi-agent systems involve multiple agents working together to
achieve a common goal. These agents may have to coordinate their
actions and communicate with each other to achieve their
objectives. Agents are used in a variety of applications, including
robotics, gaming, and intelligent systems. They can be
implemented using different programming languages and
techniques, including machine learning and natural language
processing.
Artificial intelligence is defined as the study of rational agents. A rational
agent could be anything that makes decisions, such as a person, firm,
machine, or software. It carries out an action with the best outcome after
considering past and current percepts(agent’s perceptual inputs at a given
instance). An AI system is composed of an agent and its environment . The
agents act in their environment. The environment may contain other agents.
An agent is anything that can be viewed as:
 Perceiving its environment through sensors and
 Acting upon that environment through actuators
Note: Every agent can perceive its own actions (but not always the effects).

, Interaction of Agents with the Environment



Structure of an AI Agent
To understand the structure of Intelligent Agents, we should be familiar
with Architecture and Agent programs. Architecture is the machinery that
the agent executes on. It is a device with sensors and actuators, for
example, a robotic car, a camera, and a PC. An agent program is an
implementation of an agent function. An agent function is a map from the
percept sequence(history of all that an agent has perceived to date) to an
action.

Agent = Architecture + Agent Program
There are many examples of agents in artificial intelligence. Here are a few:
 Intelligent personal assistants: These are agents that are
designed to help users with various tasks, such as scheduling
appointments, sending messages, and setting reminders. Examples
of intelligent personal assistants include Siri, Alexa, and Google
Assistant.
 Autonomous robots: These are agents that are designed to
operate autonomously in the physical world. They can perform
tasks such as cleaning, sorting, and delivering goods. Examples of

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