, Module 1
Question Bank (Solved)
1.Compare the performance of EV and HEV?
Ans: What is a hybrid car:
Hybrid cars are powered by two engines: one petrol, one electric. Both
work with each other to spin the wheels. This leads to lesser petrol being burned
and therefore better fuel efficiency. When compared to conventional vehicles,
hybrids offer better power and fuel efficiency as they combine the benefits of
high fuel efficiency and low emissions. When hybrid vehicles are cruising or
while braking, the result is excess power which is used to charge the batteries.
This, in turn, aids higher fuel efficiency or range.
What is an electric car:
An electric vehicle (EV) is one that operates on an electric motor, instead of an
internal-combustion engine that generates power by burning a mix of fuel and
gases.
Hybrid Vs. Electric Cars:
The main difference between a hybrid car and an electric car is that the hybrid
combines an internal combustion engine and electric motor(s) to send power to
its wheels. However, the electric car draws power from a single source of the
electric motor(s) to propel the vehicle. While hybrid cars offer better fuel
efficiency or longer distances/ranges, electric vehicles are still yet to reach that
potential. Electric vehicles pollute lower emissions compared to hybrid cars
who are dependent on an internal combustion engine.
Downloaded from Ktunotes.in
,In terms of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, electric cars and trucks
are often cleaner than even the most efficient conventional vehicles.
Compared to an electric vehicle, hybrid cars offer better fuel efficiency or range
to travel long distances.
Every time the brake is applied in a hybrid vehicle, the electric generator
generates electricity and recharges the battery. This eliminates the need to stop
the vehicle to charge the battery pack.
2. Explain about the history of hybrid and electric vehicles?
Ans:
Gasoline cars of 1900 were noisy, dirty, smelly, cantankerous, and unreliable. In
comparison, electric cars were comfortable, quiet, clean, and fashionable. Ease
of control was also a desirable feature. Lead acid batteries were used in 1900
and are still used in modern cars. Hence lead acid batteries have a long history
(since 1881) of use as a viable energy storage device. Golden age of Electrical
Downloaded from Ktunotes.in
, vehicle marked from 1890 to 1924 with peak production of electric vehicles in
1912.
However, the range was limited by energy storage in the battery. After every
trip, the battery required recharging. At the 1924 automobile show, no electric
cars were on display. This announced the end of the Golden Age of electric-
powered cars.
The range of a gasoline car was far superior to that of either a steam or an
electric car and dominated the automobile market from 1924 to 1960. The
gasoline car had one dominant feature; it used gasoline as a fuel. The modern
period starts with the oil embargoes and the gasoline shortages during the 1970s
which created long lines at gas stations. Engineers recognized that the good
features of the gasoline engine could be combined with those of the electric
motor to produce a superior car. A marriage of the two yields the hybrid
automobile.
1769:
The first steam-powered vehicle was designed by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot and
constructed by M. Brezin that could attain speeds of up to 6 km/hour. These
early steam-powered vehicles were so heavy that they were only practical on a
perfectly flat surface as strong as iron.
1807:
The next step towards the development of the car was the invention of the
internal combustion engine. Francois Isaac de Rivaz designed the first internal
combustion engine in, using a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen to generate
energy.
1825:
British inventor Goldsworthy Gurney built a steam car that successfully
completed an 85-mile roundtrip journey in ten hours’ time.
Downloaded from Ktunotes.in
Question Bank (Solved)
1.Compare the performance of EV and HEV?
Ans: What is a hybrid car:
Hybrid cars are powered by two engines: one petrol, one electric. Both
work with each other to spin the wheels. This leads to lesser petrol being burned
and therefore better fuel efficiency. When compared to conventional vehicles,
hybrids offer better power and fuel efficiency as they combine the benefits of
high fuel efficiency and low emissions. When hybrid vehicles are cruising or
while braking, the result is excess power which is used to charge the batteries.
This, in turn, aids higher fuel efficiency or range.
What is an electric car:
An electric vehicle (EV) is one that operates on an electric motor, instead of an
internal-combustion engine that generates power by burning a mix of fuel and
gases.
Hybrid Vs. Electric Cars:
The main difference between a hybrid car and an electric car is that the hybrid
combines an internal combustion engine and electric motor(s) to send power to
its wheels. However, the electric car draws power from a single source of the
electric motor(s) to propel the vehicle. While hybrid cars offer better fuel
efficiency or longer distances/ranges, electric vehicles are still yet to reach that
potential. Electric vehicles pollute lower emissions compared to hybrid cars
who are dependent on an internal combustion engine.
Downloaded from Ktunotes.in
,In terms of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, electric cars and trucks
are often cleaner than even the most efficient conventional vehicles.
Compared to an electric vehicle, hybrid cars offer better fuel efficiency or range
to travel long distances.
Every time the brake is applied in a hybrid vehicle, the electric generator
generates electricity and recharges the battery. This eliminates the need to stop
the vehicle to charge the battery pack.
2. Explain about the history of hybrid and electric vehicles?
Ans:
Gasoline cars of 1900 were noisy, dirty, smelly, cantankerous, and unreliable. In
comparison, electric cars were comfortable, quiet, clean, and fashionable. Ease
of control was also a desirable feature. Lead acid batteries were used in 1900
and are still used in modern cars. Hence lead acid batteries have a long history
(since 1881) of use as a viable energy storage device. Golden age of Electrical
Downloaded from Ktunotes.in
, vehicle marked from 1890 to 1924 with peak production of electric vehicles in
1912.
However, the range was limited by energy storage in the battery. After every
trip, the battery required recharging. At the 1924 automobile show, no electric
cars were on display. This announced the end of the Golden Age of electric-
powered cars.
The range of a gasoline car was far superior to that of either a steam or an
electric car and dominated the automobile market from 1924 to 1960. The
gasoline car had one dominant feature; it used gasoline as a fuel. The modern
period starts with the oil embargoes and the gasoline shortages during the 1970s
which created long lines at gas stations. Engineers recognized that the good
features of the gasoline engine could be combined with those of the electric
motor to produce a superior car. A marriage of the two yields the hybrid
automobile.
1769:
The first steam-powered vehicle was designed by Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot and
constructed by M. Brezin that could attain speeds of up to 6 km/hour. These
early steam-powered vehicles were so heavy that they were only practical on a
perfectly flat surface as strong as iron.
1807:
The next step towards the development of the car was the invention of the
internal combustion engine. Francois Isaac de Rivaz designed the first internal
combustion engine in, using a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen to generate
energy.
1825:
British inventor Goldsworthy Gurney built a steam car that successfully
completed an 85-mile roundtrip journey in ten hours’ time.
Downloaded from Ktunotes.in
