INST 335 EXAM 2 Questions And Correct
Answers, 100%
ethics
code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviors of a person or group
with respect to what is right or wrong
ethical dilemma
situation in which all alternative choices or behaviors have potentially negative
consequences
utilitarian approach
moral behavior produces the greatest good for the greatest number
individualism approach
actions are ethical when they promote the individual's best long-term interests because
with everyone pursuing self-interest, the greater good is ultimately served
moral-rights approach
ethical decisions are those that best maintain the fundamental rights of the people
affected by them
justice approach
ethical decisions must be based on standards of equity, fairness, and impartiality
distributive justice
different treatment of individuals not be based on arbitrary characteristics
procedural justice
rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced
compensatory justice
individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible,
and individuals should not be held responsible for matters over which they have no
control
practical approach
sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just, and bases decisions on prevailing
standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all
stakeholders into account
preconventional
follows rules to avoid punishment. acts in own interest, obedience for its own sake
conventional
lives up to expectations of others. fulfills duties and obligations of social systems.
upholds laws
postconventional
follows self-chosen principles of justice and right. aware that people hold different
values and seeks creative solutions to ethical dilemmas. balances concern for individual
with concern for common good
corporate social responsibility (CSR)
management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the
welfare and interests of society, not just the organizations
, stakeholder
any group or person within or outside the organization that has some type of investment
or interest in the organization's performance and is affected by the organization's
actions (employees, customers, shareholders, etc)
stakeholder mapping
provides a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance, and relative
power of various stakeholders
sustainability
economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current
population while preserving society and the environment for the needs of future
generations
triple bottom line
companies that embrace sustainability measure performance in terms of financial
performance, social performance, and environmental performance
profit-maximizing view
when companies only use the economic criteria as their only measure of responsibility
discretionary responsibility
purely voluntary and is guided by the organization's desire to make social contributions
not mandated by economics, laws, or ethics
organizational virtiousnes
an organization pursues a positive human impact, moral goodness, and unconditional
society betterment
code of ethics
formal statement of a company's values concerning ethics and social issues;
communicates to the employees what the company stands for
ethics committee
group of executives appointed to oversee company ethics
chief ethics officer
oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance, including establishing and broadly
communicating standards, ethics training, dealing with exceptions or problems, and
advising senior managers in the ethical and compliance aspects of decisions
whistle-blowing
employee disclosure of illegal, unethical, or illegitimate practices on the employer's part
globalization
the extent to which trade and investments, information, social and cultural ideas, and
political cooperation flow between countries
global mindset
the ability of managers to appreciate and influence individuals, groups, organizations,
and systems that represent different social, cultural, political, institutional, intellectual,
and psychological characteristics
bottom of the pyramid (BOP) concept
corporations can alleviate poverty and other social ills, as well as make significant
profits, by selling to the world's poorest people
global outsourcing
offshoring, means engaging in the international division of labor so as to obtain the
cheapest sources of labor and supplies, regardless of country
Answers, 100%
ethics
code of moral principles and values that governs the behaviors of a person or group
with respect to what is right or wrong
ethical dilemma
situation in which all alternative choices or behaviors have potentially negative
consequences
utilitarian approach
moral behavior produces the greatest good for the greatest number
individualism approach
actions are ethical when they promote the individual's best long-term interests because
with everyone pursuing self-interest, the greater good is ultimately served
moral-rights approach
ethical decisions are those that best maintain the fundamental rights of the people
affected by them
justice approach
ethical decisions must be based on standards of equity, fairness, and impartiality
distributive justice
different treatment of individuals not be based on arbitrary characteristics
procedural justice
rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced
compensatory justice
individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible,
and individuals should not be held responsible for matters over which they have no
control
practical approach
sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just, and bases decisions on prevailing
standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all
stakeholders into account
preconventional
follows rules to avoid punishment. acts in own interest, obedience for its own sake
conventional
lives up to expectations of others. fulfills duties and obligations of social systems.
upholds laws
postconventional
follows self-chosen principles of justice and right. aware that people hold different
values and seeks creative solutions to ethical dilemmas. balances concern for individual
with concern for common good
corporate social responsibility (CSR)
management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the
welfare and interests of society, not just the organizations
, stakeholder
any group or person within or outside the organization that has some type of investment
or interest in the organization's performance and is affected by the organization's
actions (employees, customers, shareholders, etc)
stakeholder mapping
provides a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance, and relative
power of various stakeholders
sustainability
economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current
population while preserving society and the environment for the needs of future
generations
triple bottom line
companies that embrace sustainability measure performance in terms of financial
performance, social performance, and environmental performance
profit-maximizing view
when companies only use the economic criteria as their only measure of responsibility
discretionary responsibility
purely voluntary and is guided by the organization's desire to make social contributions
not mandated by economics, laws, or ethics
organizational virtiousnes
an organization pursues a positive human impact, moral goodness, and unconditional
society betterment
code of ethics
formal statement of a company's values concerning ethics and social issues;
communicates to the employees what the company stands for
ethics committee
group of executives appointed to oversee company ethics
chief ethics officer
oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance, including establishing and broadly
communicating standards, ethics training, dealing with exceptions or problems, and
advising senior managers in the ethical and compliance aspects of decisions
whistle-blowing
employee disclosure of illegal, unethical, or illegitimate practices on the employer's part
globalization
the extent to which trade and investments, information, social and cultural ideas, and
political cooperation flow between countries
global mindset
the ability of managers to appreciate and influence individuals, groups, organizations,
and systems that represent different social, cultural, political, institutional, intellectual,
and psychological characteristics
bottom of the pyramid (BOP) concept
corporations can alleviate poverty and other social ills, as well as make significant
profits, by selling to the world's poorest people
global outsourcing
offshoring, means engaging in the international division of labor so as to obtain the
cheapest sources of labor and supplies, regardless of country
