PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1. Which serum electrolyte imbalance would the nurse expect to find on the client with Addison
disease?
A. Serum potassium of 4
B. Serum potassium of 6
C. Serum sodium of 140
D. Serum sodium of 135
2. When taking the blood pressure of a client after a parathyroidectomy to treat
hyperparathyroidism the nurse notes that the client’s hand has gone into flexion contractions
known as trousseau's sign. What does the nurse determine to be the course of this symptom?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
3. Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
A. Painful urination
B. Dark urine
C. Light yellow urine
D. Polyuria
4. In addition to pain, signs and symptoms of ureteral stones may frequently include which of the
following?
A. Hematuria
B. Proteinuria
C. Urinary urgency
D. Hypotension
5. Incontinence manifested with exertion such as by lifting heavy objects or by coughing or
sneezing is known as which of the following?
A. Urge incontinence
B. Stress incontinence
C. Overflow incontinence
D. Mixed incontinence
6. A nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client who reports having
frequent episodes of hematuria with the absence of pain. The nurse suspects the patient may
have which of the following conditions?
A. Blood cancer
B. Benign prostatic hypertrophy
C. Urinary tract infection
D. Kidney stones
7. What are the significant signs of nephritic syndrome?
A. Pyuria and leukopenia
B. Gross hematuria and urinary casts
C. Proteinuria and lipedema
D. Hypertension and heart failure
, 8. Which of the following is the most frequent initial symptom of blood cancer?
A. Sudden incontinence
B. Dysuria
C. Painless hematuria
D. Bladder infection
9. Which of the following are clinical manifestations of chronic kidney disease
A. Electrolyte imbalance
B. Normal glomerular filtration rate
C. Weight loss
D. Insomnia
10. Which of the following describes a non-infectious chronic bladder condition that causes pain
and pressure
A. Pyelonephritis
B. Interstitial cystitis
C. Urethritis
D. Nephritis syndrome
11. Which of the following are signs of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (select all that apply)
A. Fluid volume excess
B. Increased urine output
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Azotemia
E. Electrolyte disturbances
12. Strong risk factors for colon cancer include which of the following (select all that apply)
A. High fat diet
B. Aging
C. Crohn’s disease
D. Heredity
E. Male gender
13. What are the clinical manifestation of hypothyroidism (select all that apply)
A. Tachycardia
B. Bradycardia
C. Weight gain
D. Cold intolerance
E. Diarrhea
F. Constipation
14. Which of the following describes a dilated vein in the spermatic cord?
A. Spermatocele
B. Testicular torsion
C. Varicocele
D. Hydrocele
15. Which of the following may a client be at risk for if they have the human papillomavirus?
A. Cervical cancer
B. Pancreatic cancer
C. Stomach cancer
1. Which serum electrolyte imbalance would the nurse expect to find on the client with Addison
disease?
A. Serum potassium of 4
B. Serum potassium of 6
C. Serum sodium of 140
D. Serum sodium of 135
2. When taking the blood pressure of a client after a parathyroidectomy to treat
hyperparathyroidism the nurse notes that the client’s hand has gone into flexion contractions
known as trousseau's sign. What does the nurse determine to be the course of this symptom?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Hypocalcemia
3. Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
A. Painful urination
B. Dark urine
C. Light yellow urine
D. Polyuria
4. In addition to pain, signs and symptoms of ureteral stones may frequently include which of the
following?
A. Hematuria
B. Proteinuria
C. Urinary urgency
D. Hypotension
5. Incontinence manifested with exertion such as by lifting heavy objects or by coughing or
sneezing is known as which of the following?
A. Urge incontinence
B. Stress incontinence
C. Overflow incontinence
D. Mixed incontinence
6. A nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client who reports having
frequent episodes of hematuria with the absence of pain. The nurse suspects the patient may
have which of the following conditions?
A. Blood cancer
B. Benign prostatic hypertrophy
C. Urinary tract infection
D. Kidney stones
7. What are the significant signs of nephritic syndrome?
A. Pyuria and leukopenia
B. Gross hematuria and urinary casts
C. Proteinuria and lipedema
D. Hypertension and heart failure
, 8. Which of the following is the most frequent initial symptom of blood cancer?
A. Sudden incontinence
B. Dysuria
C. Painless hematuria
D. Bladder infection
9. Which of the following are clinical manifestations of chronic kidney disease
A. Electrolyte imbalance
B. Normal glomerular filtration rate
C. Weight loss
D. Insomnia
10. Which of the following describes a non-infectious chronic bladder condition that causes pain
and pressure
A. Pyelonephritis
B. Interstitial cystitis
C. Urethritis
D. Nephritis syndrome
11. Which of the following are signs of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury (select all that apply)
A. Fluid volume excess
B. Increased urine output
C. Metabolic acidosis
D. Azotemia
E. Electrolyte disturbances
12. Strong risk factors for colon cancer include which of the following (select all that apply)
A. High fat diet
B. Aging
C. Crohn’s disease
D. Heredity
E. Male gender
13. What are the clinical manifestation of hypothyroidism (select all that apply)
A. Tachycardia
B. Bradycardia
C. Weight gain
D. Cold intolerance
E. Diarrhea
F. Constipation
14. Which of the following describes a dilated vein in the spermatic cord?
A. Spermatocele
B. Testicular torsion
C. Varicocele
D. Hydrocele
15. Which of the following may a client be at risk for if they have the human papillomavirus?
A. Cervical cancer
B. Pancreatic cancer
C. Stomach cancer
