UPDATED 2024 FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS

HOMEOSTASIS - ANSWER- *PROCESS THROUGH WHICH THE BODY MAINTAIN BALANCE BY CONSTANTLY ADJUSTING TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL STIMULI HOME/O - ANSWER- *CONSTANT OR SAMENESS STASIS - ANSWER- *CONTROLLING NERVOUS SYSTEM - ANSWER- *REGULATED HOMEOSTASIS BY SENSING SYSTEM DEVIATION AND SENDING NERVE IMPULSES TO APPROPRIATE ORGANS TO RESTORE BALANCE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM - ANSWER- *USES THE RELEASE AND ACTION OF HORMONES TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS BODY FLUID - ANSWER- *MAKE UP LARGE PORTIONS OF THE BODY *COMPOSED OF WATER AND ELECTROLYTE SUBSTANCES THAT DISSOLVE IN WATER INTRACELLULAR FLUID - ANSWER- *FLUID INSIDE THE CELLS CONSTITUTES ABOUT 2 THIRDS OF THE TOTAL BODY FLUID IN ADULTS *CONSTANT OF INTERCELLULAR FLUID *STABILIZING AGENT FOR THE PART OF THE CELL *HELP TO MAINTAIN CELL SHAPE *ASSIST WITH TRANSPORT OF NUTRIENTS ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE AND IN AND OUT THE CELL *CONTAINS SODIUM BUT IN MUCH SMALLER AMOUNTS THAN EXTRACELULAR FLUID * INFANT MEN WOMEN AND ELDERLY EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS - ANSWER- *FLUID OUTSIDE THE CELL CONSITUTES ABOUT 1 THIRD OF THE TOTAL BODY FLUID IN ADULTS *CONSTANT OF INTERSTITIAL FLUID (TISSUE) AND INTERVASCULAR (VASCULAR) INTERSITIAL FLUID - ANSWER- *FOUND BETWEEN THE CELLS * INFANT MEN WOMEN AND ELDERLY INTRAVASCULAR FLUID - ANSWER- *WATER FLUID OF THE BLOOD KNOWN AS PLASMA *4-4-5-5.INFANT MEN WOMEN AND ELDERLY SPECIALIZED ECF - ANSWER- *SYNOVIAL FLUID IN THE JOINT CAVITIES *CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID (CSF) IN THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD *AQUEOUS FLUID IN THE EYES *GASTROINTESTINAL (GI) TRACT, LIVER, BILIARY TRACT, LYMPHATIC VESSELS TOO LITTLE ECF - ANSWER- *BODY CANNOT MAINTAIN NORMAL BLOOD PRESSURE *CELLS CAN NO LONGER FUNCTION DUE TO A LACK OF OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS *CAN RESULT IN HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK TOO MUCH ECF - ANSWER- *CAN PLACE A PERSON IN A FLUID OVERLOAD STATE *LEADING TO HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE *RISK FOR CONDITIONS SUCH AS CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE WATER - ANSWER- *IS NOT A REPLACEMENT *VITAL TO HUMAN LIFE *THE BODY CANNOT CARRY ON MOST OF ITS ACTIVITIES WITHOUT IT THE THIRST CENTER - ANSWER- *IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS STIMULATES OR DEPRESSES THE DESIRE FOR A PERSON TO DRINK *ADH INFLUENCE *RENIN ANGIOTENSIS ALDESTERONE (RAA) INFUENCE ANTIDURETIC HORMONE - ANSWER- *KEEP FROM PUSHING OUT MORE WATER *RELEASED FROM STORAGE IN THE POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND AS PART OF THE NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM *RESPONSE TO CONDITION WITH THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM *REGULATES THE AMOUNT OF WATER THAT THE KIDNEY ABSORB *ONCE RELEASED THE PRODUCTION OF URINE IS DECREASED AND WATER REABSORPTION N THE KIDNEY TUBULES IS INCREASED RAA SYSTEM FLUID REGULATION CYCLE - ANSWER- *CONTROL FLUID VOLUME *IF THERE IS A DECREASE IN BLOOD VOLUME RENIN IS RELEASED BY KIDNEYS CAUSES SECRETIONS OF ANGIOTENSIN 1 ANGIOTENSIS 1 CONVERSTED TO ANGIOTENSIN 2 IN THE LUNGS ALDESTERONE - ANSWER- *CONTROLS THE REABSORPTION OF SODIUM BY KIDNEYS *WATER FOLLOWS SODIUM *FLUID GAINED OR LOST ACCORDING TO NEED ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (ANP) - ANSWER- *RELEASED BY THE HEART RIGHT ATRIUM TO CORRECT OVERLOAD BALANCE *IT PROMOTES RENAL DIURESIS (KIDNEY EXCRETION) OF SODIUM AND WATER OVERHYDRATION - ANSWER- *AN EXCESS OF WATER IN THE BODY *REFILL TO EXCESS WATER IN THE EXTRACELLULAR SPACES EDEMA - ANSWER- *EXCESS ACCUMULATION OF FLUID IN THE INTERSITIAL SPACES *CAN ALSO BE CALLED 3RD SPACE FLUID *DUE TO DISRUPTION OF THE FILTRATION AND OSMOTIC FORCES OF THE BODY CIRCULATING FLUIDS CAUSES OF EDEMA - ANSWER- *OBSTRUCTION OF VENOUS BLOOD OR LYMPHATIC RETURN *INCREASED CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY OR INCREASED CAPILLARY PRESSURE *EXTERNAL PRESSURE (TIGHT BINDERS OR CAST) *INFLAMMATORY REACTIONS *LOSS OF PROTEINS IN THE PLASMA OF THE BLOOD TREATMENT OF EDEMA - ANSWER- *LOCALLY *SYSTEMIC *DIRECTED AT TREATING UNDERLYING CAUSE *DIURETIC (SYSTEMIC) FLUID VOLUME EXCESS - ANSWER- *NURSING TERMINOLOGY REFERRING TO EXCESSIVE AMOUNT OF INTRAVASCULAR OR INTERSITIAL FLUID ASCILES - ANSWER- *EXCESS AMOUNT OF FLUID IN THE PERITONEAL CAVITY ANASARCA - ANSWER- *SEVERE GENERALIZED EDEMA DEHYDRATION - ANSWER- *DEFICIENCY OF BODY WATER OR AN EXCESSIVE LOSS OF WATER FROM THE BODY *BODY OUTPUT OF WATER IS GREATER THAN INTAKE *CAN BE ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASE IN SODIUM OR A DISTURBANCE OF CERTAIN OTHER ELECTROLYTES SUCH AS POTASSIUM FLUID VOLUME DEFICIT - ANSWER- *NURSING TERMINOLOGY RELATED TO DEHYDRATION