SPC2608 Exam 1 UF Solved Correctly!!

SPC2608 Exam 1 UF Solved Correctly!! Type of speeches 1. Informative 2. Persuasive 3. Special Occasions Informative Speech a speech designed to convey knowledge and understanding persuasive speech A goal of convincing the audience to accept his or her point of view Special Occasions speech a speech prepared for a specific occasion and for a purpose dictated by that occasion Chronologically a method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern Spatially the main points follow a directional pattern Causally The main points show a cause-effect relationship Problem-Solution The first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem Topically the main points divid the topic into logical and consistent subtopics Brief A specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like. Extended a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point hypothetical an example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation Communications Skills The ability to accurately convey. Both verbal (or spoken) and written communication skills are important. listening skills the ability to hear and understand messages that are being sent characterized by using eye contact, positive body language, and positive feedback Body main section of the speech Introduction opening section of a speech Conclusion the final section of a speech Ethical Listening be courteous and attentive, avoid prejudging the speaker, maintain the free and open expression of ideas Attention Getters 1. relate topic to audience 2. state the importance of topic 3. startle audience 4. arouse curiosity 5. question the audience 6. begin with a quote 7. tell a story Main Points the major points developed in the body of a speech Sub-Points Information that is used to support the main points of a speech. peer testimony testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic expert testimony testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields patchwork plagiarism stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own incremental plagiarism failing to give credit for particular parts of a speech that are borrowed from other people global plagiarism stealing a speech entirely from a single source and passing it off as one's own general purpose the broad goal of a speech speaking outline a brief outline used to jog a speaker's memory during the presentation of a speech preparation outline a detailed outline developed during the process of speech preparation that includes the title, specific purpose, central idea, introduction, main points, subpoints, connectives, conclusion, and bibliography of a speech generalization the tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses Ethical Speaking goals are ethically sound; fully prepared; be honest; avoid name calling; put ethical principles into practice. manuscript speech a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience extemporaneous speech a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes Hearing vs. Listening hearing - the physiological process of sound waves hitting your eardrum and being transmitted to your brain listening - the process of understanding other's messages Connectives a word or phrase that connects the ideas of a speech and indicates the relationship between them Types of listening appreciative, empathetic, comprehensive, critical appreciative listening listening for pleasure or enjoyment empathic listening listening to provide emotional support for a speaker comprehensive listening listening to understand the message of a speaker critical listening listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it Poor listening not concentrating, listening too hard, jumping to conclusions, focusing on delivery and appearance Ways to improve listening 1. remove physical barriers to listening 2. focus on speaker's main idea 3. listen for intent, as well as content, of the message 4. give the other person a full hearing 5. remember the saying that meaning are in people, not in words 6. Concentrate on the other person as a communicator and as a human being Brainstorming personal inventory , clustering, free association , internet searchs Personal Inventory categories that relate to you and hopefully you will find one of them to be a potential category clustering the tendency to remember similar or related items in groups free association a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing internet searches search engines, specialized resources specific purpose of a speech a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in his or her speech central idea the central, unifying element of the story, which ties together all of the other elements of fiction used by the author to tell the story. Connotative Language the unspoken or unwritten meanings associated with a word Denotative Language the literal, dictionary definition of a word, emphasizing an objective tone Speech Imagery the use of vivid language to create mental images of objects, actions, or ideas Similie A comparison using "like" or "as" Metaphor A comparison without using like or as Rhythm the pattern of sound in a speech created by the choice and arrangement of words Parallelism the similar arrangement of a pair of series of related words, phrases, or sentences repetition reiteration of the same word or set of words at the beginning or end of successive clauses or sentences alliteration Repetition of initial consonant sounds antithesis the direct opposite, a sharp contrast inclusive language language that does not stereotype, demean, or patronize people on the basis of gender, race, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or other factors memory speech a speech given entirely from memory; much preparation and practice is generally needed improptu speech a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation Volume the loudness or softness of the speaker's voice Pitch the highness or lowness of a sound rate the speed at which a person speaks Pauses a momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech vocal variety changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness Articulation the clear and precise pronunciation of words pronunciation the accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language Dialect A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. types of visual aids charts, graphs, representations, objects and models, people Types of sources primary, secondary, tertiary