UPDATED GCU Bio-201 Exam 1 VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 2024

Pinocytosis Cell drinking Phagocytosis Cell eating Exocytosis release of substances outside a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane. Endocytosis process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane osmosis Low to High, Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. tonicity the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water isotonic solution when the concentration of two solutions is the same (moving in and out equally) hypertonic solution A solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater outside then inside the cell that resides in the solution hypotonic solution Solute concentration is less than the inside the cell; cell gains water oncotic pressure pulls fluid into the capillaries and/or prevents fluid from leaving. hydrostatic pressure increases filtration by pushing fluid and solute OUT of the capillaries crenation This happens when a cell shrinks and shrivels; can result in cell death if severe. hemolysis destruction/split of red blood cells active transport the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. passive(facilitated) transport the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell Co-transport TWO substances are transported together by one protein no ATPase activity Countertransport One substance is being transported into the cell membrane and the other is getting transported in the opposite direction. What are some factors that affect diffusion?