Regis University (Pharmacology I, Exam
4) Anti-infective, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-
rheumatic and pain management
Questions and Answers
Beta-Lactam Antibiotic? - Answer- Penicillin
Name 3 Macrolide Antibiotics. - Answer- Erythromycin, Azithromycin and Clarithromycin
Nursing Implications of Antibiotics regarding cultures. - Answer- ALWAYS get a culture
done BEFORE beginning antibiotic therapy!
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is used to: - Answer- Prevent uric acid production (usually to
prevent recurrence of a gout attack)
What is the goal for drug therapy for gout? - Answer- To decrease symptoms/ prevent
recurrence.
Colchicine is used to: - Answer- Reduces inflammatory response of joints (most
common, used for acute attack)
When should Colchicine be discontinued? - Answer- If GI symptoms develop
A patient has been prescribed tetracycline. When providing information regarding this
drug, the nurse would be correct in stating that tetracycline
A. Is classified as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic and only treats a few infections
B. Is used to treat a wide variety of disease processes
C. Has been identified to be safe during pregnancy
D. Is contraindicated in children younger than 8 years - Answer- D. Is contraindicated in
children younger than 8 years
Teaching for a patient redceiving a prescription for ciprofloxacin (Cipro) should include
(Select all that apply):
1. Report unusual heel, lower leg or calf pain or difficulty walking.
2. Avoid taking the medicine with milk products and antacids.
3. Limit vitamin C, both dietary and oral vitamin forms.
4. Take her pill with an antihistamine to avoid side effects - Answer- 1. Report unusual
heel, lower leg or calf pain or difficulty walking.
,2. Avoid taking the medicine with milk products and antacids
The nurse recognizes that opioid analgesics exert their action by interacting with a
variety of opioid receptors. Drugs such as morphine act by activating: - Answer- Mu and
kappa
The client admitted with hepatitis B is prescribed Vicodin tabs 2 for treatment of pain.
The appropriate nursing action is to:
a.) Administer the drug as ordered.
b.) Administer one tablet only.
c.) Question the physician about the order.
d.) Hold the drug until the physician arrives. - Answer- c.) Question the physician about
the order.
Vicodin is a combination drug of hydrocodone and acetaminophen. Acetaminophen can
be hepatotoxic, and is contraindicated in liver disease
Naloxone (Narcan) is administered to a client with severe respiratory depression and
suspected drug overdose. After 20 minutes, the client remains unresponsive. The most
likely explanation for this is:
a.) The client did not use an opioid drug.
b.) The dose of naloxone was inadequate.
c.) The client is resistant to this drug.
d.) The drug overdose is irreversible. - Answer- a.) The client did not use an opioid
drug.
If opioid antagonists (Naloxone) fail to reverse symptoms of respiratory depression
quickly, the overdose was likely due to a non-opioid substance
Celecoxib (Celebrex) is added to the treatment regimen of a client with arthritis. The
nurse explains that the major advantage of this drug is:
a.) The drug is less expensive.
b.) The drug has no known side effects.
c.) The drug has anti-inflammatory properties.
d.) The drug's effectiveness is the same as opioids. - Answer- c.) The drug has anti-
inflammatory properties.
Celecoxib (Celebrex) has anti-inflammatory properties. It is not less expensive, has
many side effects, and is less potent than opioids.
, Two days after surgery, an elderly client refuses a PRN dose of analgesic dose for fear
of becoming "hooked." The nurse should respond by stating that:
a. It is impossible to become hooked on PRN narcotics.
b. Short-term use of narcotics is not likely to cause a person to become dependent on
them.
c. Side effects that occur in the elderly mean that medications will be discontinued as
soon as possible.
d. The elderly are least likely to become dependent on narcotics. - Answer- b. Short-
term use of narcotics is not likely to cause a person to become dependent on them
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors
the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic
toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations - Answer- 1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can
result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological
disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism
A client with a peptic ulcer is diagnosed with a Helicobacter pylori infection. The nurse is
reinforcing teaching for the client about the medications prescribed, including
clarithromycin (Biaxin), esomeprazole (Nexium), and amoxicillin (Amoxil). Which
statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the medication regimen?
1. "My ulcer will heal because these medications will kill the bacteria."
2. "These medications are only taken when I have pain from my ulcer."
3. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production."
4. "These medications will coat the ulcer and decrease the acid production in my
stomach." - Answer- 3. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid
production."
Rationale:
Triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection usually includes two antibacterial drugs
and a proton pump inhibitor. Clarithromycin and amoxicillin are antibacterials.
Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. These medications will kill the bacteria and
decrease acid production
A postoperative client has received a dose of naloxone hydrochloride for respiratory
depression shortly after transfer to the nursing unit from the postanesthesia care unit.
After administration of the medication, the nurse checks the client for:
1. Pupillary changes
2. Scattered lung wheezes
3. Sudden increase in pain
4. Sudden episodes of diarrhea - Answer- 3. Sudden increase in pain
4) Anti-infective, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-
rheumatic and pain management
Questions and Answers
Beta-Lactam Antibiotic? - Answer- Penicillin
Name 3 Macrolide Antibiotics. - Answer- Erythromycin, Azithromycin and Clarithromycin
Nursing Implications of Antibiotics regarding cultures. - Answer- ALWAYS get a culture
done BEFORE beginning antibiotic therapy!
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is used to: - Answer- Prevent uric acid production (usually to
prevent recurrence of a gout attack)
What is the goal for drug therapy for gout? - Answer- To decrease symptoms/ prevent
recurrence.
Colchicine is used to: - Answer- Reduces inflammatory response of joints (most
common, used for acute attack)
When should Colchicine be discontinued? - Answer- If GI symptoms develop
A patient has been prescribed tetracycline. When providing information regarding this
drug, the nurse would be correct in stating that tetracycline
A. Is classified as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic and only treats a few infections
B. Is used to treat a wide variety of disease processes
C. Has been identified to be safe during pregnancy
D. Is contraindicated in children younger than 8 years - Answer- D. Is contraindicated in
children younger than 8 years
Teaching for a patient redceiving a prescription for ciprofloxacin (Cipro) should include
(Select all that apply):
1. Report unusual heel, lower leg or calf pain or difficulty walking.
2. Avoid taking the medicine with milk products and antacids.
3. Limit vitamin C, both dietary and oral vitamin forms.
4. Take her pill with an antihistamine to avoid side effects - Answer- 1. Report unusual
heel, lower leg or calf pain or difficulty walking.
,2. Avoid taking the medicine with milk products and antacids
The nurse recognizes that opioid analgesics exert their action by interacting with a
variety of opioid receptors. Drugs such as morphine act by activating: - Answer- Mu and
kappa
The client admitted with hepatitis B is prescribed Vicodin tabs 2 for treatment of pain.
The appropriate nursing action is to:
a.) Administer the drug as ordered.
b.) Administer one tablet only.
c.) Question the physician about the order.
d.) Hold the drug until the physician arrives. - Answer- c.) Question the physician about
the order.
Vicodin is a combination drug of hydrocodone and acetaminophen. Acetaminophen can
be hepatotoxic, and is contraindicated in liver disease
Naloxone (Narcan) is administered to a client with severe respiratory depression and
suspected drug overdose. After 20 minutes, the client remains unresponsive. The most
likely explanation for this is:
a.) The client did not use an opioid drug.
b.) The dose of naloxone was inadequate.
c.) The client is resistant to this drug.
d.) The drug overdose is irreversible. - Answer- a.) The client did not use an opioid
drug.
If opioid antagonists (Naloxone) fail to reverse symptoms of respiratory depression
quickly, the overdose was likely due to a non-opioid substance
Celecoxib (Celebrex) is added to the treatment regimen of a client with arthritis. The
nurse explains that the major advantage of this drug is:
a.) The drug is less expensive.
b.) The drug has no known side effects.
c.) The drug has anti-inflammatory properties.
d.) The drug's effectiveness is the same as opioids. - Answer- c.) The drug has anti-
inflammatory properties.
Celecoxib (Celebrex) has anti-inflammatory properties. It is not less expensive, has
many side effects, and is less potent than opioids.
, Two days after surgery, an elderly client refuses a PRN dose of analgesic dose for fear
of becoming "hooked." The nurse should respond by stating that:
a. It is impossible to become hooked on PRN narcotics.
b. Short-term use of narcotics is not likely to cause a person to become dependent on
them.
c. Side effects that occur in the elderly mean that medications will be discontinued as
soon as possible.
d. The elderly are least likely to become dependent on narcotics. - Answer- b. Short-
term use of narcotics is not likely to cause a person to become dependent on them
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors
the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic
toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations - Answer- 1. Tinnitus
Rationale:
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can
result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological
disturbances. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism
A client with a peptic ulcer is diagnosed with a Helicobacter pylori infection. The nurse is
reinforcing teaching for the client about the medications prescribed, including
clarithromycin (Biaxin), esomeprazole (Nexium), and amoxicillin (Amoxil). Which
statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the medication regimen?
1. "My ulcer will heal because these medications will kill the bacteria."
2. "These medications are only taken when I have pain from my ulcer."
3. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production."
4. "These medications will coat the ulcer and decrease the acid production in my
stomach." - Answer- 3. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid
production."
Rationale:
Triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection usually includes two antibacterial drugs
and a proton pump inhibitor. Clarithromycin and amoxicillin are antibacterials.
Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. These medications will kill the bacteria and
decrease acid production
A postoperative client has received a dose of naloxone hydrochloride for respiratory
depression shortly after transfer to the nursing unit from the postanesthesia care unit.
After administration of the medication, the nurse checks the client for:
1. Pupillary changes
2. Scattered lung wheezes
3. Sudden increase in pain
4. Sudden episodes of diarrhea - Answer- 3. Sudden increase in pain
