LUOA 9th grade Science Final Exam 2024 Actual
Questions and Answers Solved Correctly
Most powerful substance to hold heat in atmosphere
Water vapor
How does carbon get into the atmosphere?
Atmospheric carbon dioxide comes from two primary sources—natural and human
activities. Natural sources of carbon dioxide include most animals, which exhale carbon
dioxide as a waste product. Human activities that lead to carbon dioxide emissions
come primarily from energy production, including burning coal, oil, or natural gas.
Different types of greenhouse gases
There are several different types of greenhouse gases. The major ones are carbon
dioxide, water vapor, methane, and nitrous oxide.
Definition of radiation, convection, conduction
Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact. Convection is the
transfer of thermal energy through the movement of a liquid or gas. Radiation is the
transfer of thermal energy through thermal emission.
How greenhouse gases work
Solar energy absorbed at Earth's surface is radiated back into the atmosphere as heat.
As the heat makes its way through the atmosphere and back out to space, greenhouse
gases absorb much of it. Why do greenhouse gases absorb heat? Greenhouse gases
are more complex than other gas molecules in the atmosphere, with a structure that can
absorb heat. They radiate the heat back to the Earth's surface, to another greenhouse
gas molecule, or out to space.
Calculating dew point
This can be expressed as a simple rule of thumb: For every 1 °C difference in the dew
point and dry bulb temperatures, the relative humidity decreases by 5%, starting with
RH = 100% when the dew point equals the dry bulb temperature.
If air cools beyond its dew point and still does not condense, the air is said to be
______________
Supersaturated
Water collects on dust, ash, salt, nitrate, etc. When water collects on these, they
are known as:
Condensation nuclei
Latent heat is when __________, __________, and __________. (Choose 3)
1. Energy is being released
2. There is no temperature change during a phase change
3. Energy is being absorbed
Difference between vaporization and boiling
The following are the two prime differences: Evaporation is the process of a substance
in a liquid state changing to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature and/or
pressure. Vaporization is also the phase change from liquid to gas state but above the
boiling point of the liquid.
Absolute humidity __________________ (select all that apply).
,- The amount of water vapor, by mass, in each cubic unit of air-
Can be measured using several different types of mass ratios-
Is also known as the vapor density
Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air,
compared with the maximum amount of water vapor that the air can contain at that
temperature
For every ________ increase in temperature, twice as much water vapor can enter
the atmosphere through evaporation.
10°
The water vapor can enter the atmosphere because of what five things?
wind blowing over the surface of the water,
increased temperature of water,
decreased pressure of water,
evaporation,
and transpiration
The maximum amount of water vapor air can contain at a particular temperature
is 20 g/kg.
The formula is:relative humidity = specific humidity x 100% = maximum capacity
Cold air does not contain much moisture. Choose all the reasons for this.
-Cold air contracts so there is no room for the moisture-Cold air is very dense-
The molecules of cold air squeezed closer together
What is one relationship between warm air and humidity?
Warm air expands, so there is a lot of room for moisture.
In order to find the relative humidity, 1st you take the __________ between the
wet-bulb and dry-bulb temperatures. ___________ the smaller number from/to the
larger number. Then find the ___________. Use the dewpoint to find the
_________ humidity.
difference, subtract, dewpoint, relative
What is the lifted condensation level?
The lifted condensation level is the point of height where the dew point is the same as
the surrounding temperature. Higher clouds have more of an effect than low clouds.
Where on a cloud is where the temperature has reached its dew point?
on the bottom of the cloud
Cloud albedo forcing ___________________. (Choose 3)
cools the earth,
bounces shortwave radiation back into space,
can cause a change in the climate of the earth.
___________________. (Choose 3)
cools the earth, bounces shortwave radiation back into space, can cause a
change in the climate of the earth.
Higher clouds have more of an effect than low clouds. They let _______ energy in,
but do not give off a lot of heat because they are very _______ themselves.
heat, cold
At what temperature do clouds contain snow and ice crystals?
8 degrees Celsius - -20 degrees Celsius
Cumuliform
, a massive, rounded form often with a flat base, billowing upwards
Stratiform
gray sheets that cover large areas, not distinct cloud units
nimboform
A nimbostratus cloud is a multi-level, gray, often dark, amorphous, nearly uniform cloud
that usually produces continuous rain, snow, or sleet but no lightning or thunder.
Mid-level clouds include: (Select all that apply)
Lenticular
Altocumulus
Altostratus
The high-level clouds include: (Select all that apply)
Cirrus
Cirrocumulus
Cirrostratus
The low-level clouds include: (Select all that apply)
Stratocumulus
Nimbostratus
Stratus
Advection fogs are caused by _________________________
Wind blowing warm, moist air over a cold surface
Ground fog is also known as _______________________________.
Radiation fog
How to calculate temperature
Celsius to Fahrenheit° F = 9/5 ( ° C) + 32
Fahrenheit to Celsius° C = 5/9 (° F - 32)
The main forms of precipitation include all of the following except
dew.
Rain drops are _______________________.
10 to 1000 times bigger than cloud droplets
Aggregation can begin to form which type of precipitation?
snowflakes
When cloud droplets merge to form larger droplets, it is called .
coalescence.
The wind ________________________ due to orographic lifting. (Choose 3)
sinks and blows down the mountain on the leeward side-
blows from the windward side of a mountain toward the leeward side-
rises, condenses as it cools on the windward side
Two glaciers come down different sides of the mountains. They join into one
large glacier. Where the 2 glaciers meet they form a(n) ___________________.
medial moraine
Roche moutonnee are small ________________.
"mountains" that lie in the direction of glacial flow
The greatest annual rainfall is located __________________________.
In the equatorial regions and on the Windward side of mountains.
Very little precipitation falls in all of the following places except
_______________________.
Questions and Answers Solved Correctly
Most powerful substance to hold heat in atmosphere
Water vapor
How does carbon get into the atmosphere?
Atmospheric carbon dioxide comes from two primary sources—natural and human
activities. Natural sources of carbon dioxide include most animals, which exhale carbon
dioxide as a waste product. Human activities that lead to carbon dioxide emissions
come primarily from energy production, including burning coal, oil, or natural gas.
Different types of greenhouse gases
There are several different types of greenhouse gases. The major ones are carbon
dioxide, water vapor, methane, and nitrous oxide.
Definition of radiation, convection, conduction
Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact. Convection is the
transfer of thermal energy through the movement of a liquid or gas. Radiation is the
transfer of thermal energy through thermal emission.
How greenhouse gases work
Solar energy absorbed at Earth's surface is radiated back into the atmosphere as heat.
As the heat makes its way through the atmosphere and back out to space, greenhouse
gases absorb much of it. Why do greenhouse gases absorb heat? Greenhouse gases
are more complex than other gas molecules in the atmosphere, with a structure that can
absorb heat. They radiate the heat back to the Earth's surface, to another greenhouse
gas molecule, or out to space.
Calculating dew point
This can be expressed as a simple rule of thumb: For every 1 °C difference in the dew
point and dry bulb temperatures, the relative humidity decreases by 5%, starting with
RH = 100% when the dew point equals the dry bulb temperature.
If air cools beyond its dew point and still does not condense, the air is said to be
______________
Supersaturated
Water collects on dust, ash, salt, nitrate, etc. When water collects on these, they
are known as:
Condensation nuclei
Latent heat is when __________, __________, and __________. (Choose 3)
1. Energy is being released
2. There is no temperature change during a phase change
3. Energy is being absorbed
Difference between vaporization and boiling
The following are the two prime differences: Evaporation is the process of a substance
in a liquid state changing to a gaseous state due to an increase in temperature and/or
pressure. Vaporization is also the phase change from liquid to gas state but above the
boiling point of the liquid.
Absolute humidity __________________ (select all that apply).
,- The amount of water vapor, by mass, in each cubic unit of air-
Can be measured using several different types of mass ratios-
Is also known as the vapor density
Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air,
compared with the maximum amount of water vapor that the air can contain at that
temperature
For every ________ increase in temperature, twice as much water vapor can enter
the atmosphere through evaporation.
10°
The water vapor can enter the atmosphere because of what five things?
wind blowing over the surface of the water,
increased temperature of water,
decreased pressure of water,
evaporation,
and transpiration
The maximum amount of water vapor air can contain at a particular temperature
is 20 g/kg.
The formula is:relative humidity = specific humidity x 100% = maximum capacity
Cold air does not contain much moisture. Choose all the reasons for this.
-Cold air contracts so there is no room for the moisture-Cold air is very dense-
The molecules of cold air squeezed closer together
What is one relationship between warm air and humidity?
Warm air expands, so there is a lot of room for moisture.
In order to find the relative humidity, 1st you take the __________ between the
wet-bulb and dry-bulb temperatures. ___________ the smaller number from/to the
larger number. Then find the ___________. Use the dewpoint to find the
_________ humidity.
difference, subtract, dewpoint, relative
What is the lifted condensation level?
The lifted condensation level is the point of height where the dew point is the same as
the surrounding temperature. Higher clouds have more of an effect than low clouds.
Where on a cloud is where the temperature has reached its dew point?
on the bottom of the cloud
Cloud albedo forcing ___________________. (Choose 3)
cools the earth,
bounces shortwave radiation back into space,
can cause a change in the climate of the earth.
___________________. (Choose 3)
cools the earth, bounces shortwave radiation back into space, can cause a
change in the climate of the earth.
Higher clouds have more of an effect than low clouds. They let _______ energy in,
but do not give off a lot of heat because they are very _______ themselves.
heat, cold
At what temperature do clouds contain snow and ice crystals?
8 degrees Celsius - -20 degrees Celsius
Cumuliform
, a massive, rounded form often with a flat base, billowing upwards
Stratiform
gray sheets that cover large areas, not distinct cloud units
nimboform
A nimbostratus cloud is a multi-level, gray, often dark, amorphous, nearly uniform cloud
that usually produces continuous rain, snow, or sleet but no lightning or thunder.
Mid-level clouds include: (Select all that apply)
Lenticular
Altocumulus
Altostratus
The high-level clouds include: (Select all that apply)
Cirrus
Cirrocumulus
Cirrostratus
The low-level clouds include: (Select all that apply)
Stratocumulus
Nimbostratus
Stratus
Advection fogs are caused by _________________________
Wind blowing warm, moist air over a cold surface
Ground fog is also known as _______________________________.
Radiation fog
How to calculate temperature
Celsius to Fahrenheit° F = 9/5 ( ° C) + 32
Fahrenheit to Celsius° C = 5/9 (° F - 32)
The main forms of precipitation include all of the following except
dew.
Rain drops are _______________________.
10 to 1000 times bigger than cloud droplets
Aggregation can begin to form which type of precipitation?
snowflakes
When cloud droplets merge to form larger droplets, it is called .
coalescence.
The wind ________________________ due to orographic lifting. (Choose 3)
sinks and blows down the mountain on the leeward side-
blows from the windward side of a mountain toward the leeward side-
rises, condenses as it cools on the windward side
Two glaciers come down different sides of the mountains. They join into one
large glacier. Where the 2 glaciers meet they form a(n) ___________________.
medial moraine
Roche moutonnee are small ________________.
"mountains" that lie in the direction of glacial flow
The greatest annual rainfall is located __________________________.
In the equatorial regions and on the Windward side of mountains.
Very little precipitation falls in all of the following places except
_______________________.
