2024 Psychology Final Exam Questions And
Answers. Complete Verified Solution.
John B. Watson
Behaviorism: person responsible for redefining psychology as the science of observable
behavior
neuroscience perspective
a psychologist using this perspective might be interested in how our blood chemistry
affects our moods and motives
evolutionary psychology perspective
the attempt to explain social behavior in terms of genetic factors that have evolved over
time according to the principles of natural selection
social-cultural perspective
how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
Sigmund Freud
Austrian neurologist known for his work on the unconscious mind. Father of
psychoanalysis.
B.F. Skinner
Behaviorist that developed the theory of operant conditioning by training pigeons and
rats
Psychologists conducting research
put competing ideas to the test and collect evidence
double-blind procedure
an experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research
staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the
treatment or a placebo. Commonly used in drug-evaluation studies.
control group vs. experimental group
control group = placebo ; nothing happens to them
experiment group = is the one being tested on
Scientific Method
A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a
hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
Psychology
the science of behavior and mental processes
Nature is to nurture as
genetics is to experience
psychologists defend their experimental research with animals
animals' biology can tell us much about our own; animals are fascinating and should be
studied; experiments with animals help animals
nature
the influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical growth,
intellectual growth, and social interactions
nurture
(v.) to bring up, care for, train, nourish; (n.) rearing, training, upbringing
, Correlation
A measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either
factor predicts the other.
case study
a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope
of revealing universal principles
Thalamus
the brain's sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages
to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and
medulla
Neurotransmitters
chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons
Cerebellum
A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.
Medulla
the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
Endorphins
"morphine within"--natural, opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to
pleasure.
a neurosurgeon stimulating the right motor cortex
a person would most likely move their leg
reflex
a simple, automatic response to a sensory stimulus; for example, touching a newborn
child's cheek and they root for a nipple
sympathetic nervous system
the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its
energy in stressful situations
autonomic nervous system
The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of
the internal organs.
pituitary gland
The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus,
the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. also known as the
master gland
parts of the limbic system
amygdala and hippocampus
Hypothalamus
a neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating, drinking, body temperature;
helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion
Damage to the brain's right hemisphere is most likely to reduce a person's ability
to
make inferences
NREM sleep stage
most likely to experience hallucinations in this sleep stage
REM sleep stage
Answers. Complete Verified Solution.
John B. Watson
Behaviorism: person responsible for redefining psychology as the science of observable
behavior
neuroscience perspective
a psychologist using this perspective might be interested in how our blood chemistry
affects our moods and motives
evolutionary psychology perspective
the attempt to explain social behavior in terms of genetic factors that have evolved over
time according to the principles of natural selection
social-cultural perspective
how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
Sigmund Freud
Austrian neurologist known for his work on the unconscious mind. Father of
psychoanalysis.
B.F. Skinner
Behaviorist that developed the theory of operant conditioning by training pigeons and
rats
Psychologists conducting research
put competing ideas to the test and collect evidence
double-blind procedure
an experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research
staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the
treatment or a placebo. Commonly used in drug-evaluation studies.
control group vs. experimental group
control group = placebo ; nothing happens to them
experiment group = is the one being tested on
Scientific Method
A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a
hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.
Psychology
the science of behavior and mental processes
Nature is to nurture as
genetics is to experience
psychologists defend their experimental research with animals
animals' biology can tell us much about our own; animals are fascinating and should be
studied; experiments with animals help animals
nature
the influence of our inherited characteristics on our personality, physical growth,
intellectual growth, and social interactions
nurture
(v.) to bring up, care for, train, nourish; (n.) rearing, training, upbringing
, Correlation
A measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either
factor predicts the other.
case study
a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope
of revealing universal principles
Thalamus
the brain's sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages
to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and
medulla
Neurotransmitters
chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons
Cerebellum
A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.
Medulla
the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
Endorphins
"morphine within"--natural, opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to
pleasure.
a neurosurgeon stimulating the right motor cortex
a person would most likely move their leg
reflex
a simple, automatic response to a sensory stimulus; for example, touching a newborn
child's cheek and they root for a nipple
sympathetic nervous system
the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its
energy in stressful situations
autonomic nervous system
The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of
the internal organs.
pituitary gland
The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus,
the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands. also known as the
master gland
parts of the limbic system
amygdala and hippocampus
Hypothalamus
a neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating, drinking, body temperature;
helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion
Damage to the brain's right hemisphere is most likely to reduce a person's ability
to
make inferences
NREM sleep stage
most likely to experience hallucinations in this sleep stage
REM sleep stage
