What you need to know for biotechnology and
immunology
Test consists of:
15 multiple choice questions in Dutch (5 biotech and 10 immunology)
5 case questions (2 biotech and 3 immunology)
Biotechnology
1. What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology employs genetically modified organisms to produce highly valuable products,
such as insulin or other human proteins, usually on a small scale.
2. What is genetic modification?
Genetic modification is a technique where people change the characteristics of a plant,
animal or microorganism by transferring a piece of DNA from one organism to another
organism.
3. Which host organisms do we use?
Plants: Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Animals: Salmon (not a host but a GMO)
Bacteria: E. coli
4. What is a Ti-plasmid?
A circular plasmid of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens that enables the bacterium to infect
plant cells and produce a tumour (crown gall tumour).
5. What are the steps of cloning?
1. Cut DNA with restriction enzymes
2. Stick together using DNA ligase (ligation)
3. Transform
4. Perform the blue/white screening to see if cloning is a success
5. Culture the GMO
6. How can we show that the gene is cloned?
Perform a PCR test and a southern blot test.
7. What does a plasmid vector contain?
MCS (Multiple Cloning Site)
Origin of replication
Antibiotic resistance gene
immunology
Test consists of:
15 multiple choice questions in Dutch (5 biotech and 10 immunology)
5 case questions (2 biotech and 3 immunology)
Biotechnology
1. What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology employs genetically modified organisms to produce highly valuable products,
such as insulin or other human proteins, usually on a small scale.
2. What is genetic modification?
Genetic modification is a technique where people change the characteristics of a plant,
animal or microorganism by transferring a piece of DNA from one organism to another
organism.
3. Which host organisms do we use?
Plants: Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Animals: Salmon (not a host but a GMO)
Bacteria: E. coli
4. What is a Ti-plasmid?
A circular plasmid of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens that enables the bacterium to infect
plant cells and produce a tumour (crown gall tumour).
5. What are the steps of cloning?
1. Cut DNA with restriction enzymes
2. Stick together using DNA ligase (ligation)
3. Transform
4. Perform the blue/white screening to see if cloning is a success
5. Culture the GMO
6. How can we show that the gene is cloned?
Perform a PCR test and a southern blot test.
7. What does a plasmid vector contain?
MCS (Multiple Cloning Site)
Origin of replication
Antibiotic resistance gene
