LATEST GCU BIO-202 EXAM 2 100% PASS VERIFIED Questions and Answers 2024

what are the functions of an artery - ANSWER maintain blood pressure even when the heart relaxes ; carries out blood what are the functions of a vein - ANSWER returns deoxygenated blood back into heart what the functions of the arteriole - ANSWER transports blood from arteries to capillaries what are the functions of the venue - ANSWER a very small blood vessel, always allows blood to return from capillary beds to drain into larger blood vessels. what are the functions of the capillary - ANSWER the smallest of blood vessels, they distribute oxygenated blood from arteries to the tissues of the body and to feed deoxygenates blood from the tissues back into the veins. From outer to inner, 3 tunic (layers) of an artery - ANSWER 1. Tunica adventitia 2. tunica media 3. tunica intima What layer consists mostly of Smooth muscle? - ANSWER tunica media Why do larger veins have valves? - ANSWER prevent backflow What is venipuncture? - ANSWER the puncture of a vein as part of a medical procedure. Typically to withdraw a blood sample or for an intravenous injection. what is the name of the space in a blood vessel where blood flow? - ANSWER the Lumen explain the major difference between arteries and veins? - ANSWER arteries: has thicker walls to maintain blood pressure veins: have thinner walls Describe the importance of the elasticity an artery? what happens to the elasticity as one ages? How would this affect a person? - ANSWER The elasticity maintains blood pressure even when the heart relaxes. - when the heart ages the arteries becomes less elastic and they cannon relax as quickly What is the name given to the thin, tough sac which covers the heart. what happens if blood gets caught in the space between this sac and the heart itself? - ANSWER it is called the pericardial sac. - if blood were to get caught it is called a cardiac tamponade what are the layers of the heart? - ANSWER epicardium, myocardium, endocardium what type of tissue compromises the bulk of the myocardium? - ANSWER cardiac muscle where would you find the sulk of the heart? - ANSWER - there are 2 - l and r ventricles Where would you find the intertribal septum? - ANSWER the wall between ATRIA where would you find the inter ventricular septum ? - ANSWER the thicker wall between VENTRICLES Where would you find the bicuspid valve? - ANSWER In the left ATRIUM Where would you find the tricuspid valve? - ANSWER in the right ATRIUM where will you find the pulmonary semilunar valve? - ANSWER in right VENTRICLE Where will you find the aortic valve? - ANSWER in left VENTRICLE What chambers of the heart functions to receive blood from the veins - ANSWER left chambers where are the SVC and IVC ? what do they drain into? - ANSWER superior vena cava: superior portion of the heart inferior vena cava: inferior portion of the heart drain into the right atrium what is the term for heart strings? what is their function? - ANSWER chordae tendinae ; holds the av valves in place what does prolapse mean? - ANSWER The valves opening backwards What does regurgitation mean? - ANSWER backward flow of blood through a heart valve which side of the heart has a thicker wall? - ANSWER the left side because the aortic valve send the blood to the body. What is the largest artery in the body? - ANSWER aorta what is the role of coronary arteries? - ANSWER they supply blood to the heart muscle what is the role of the coronary veins? - ANSWER collects blood from the heart muscle What does myogenic mean? - ANSWER heartbeat originates within heart What does autorhythmic mean? - ANSWER regular, spontaneous depolarization what region of the heart is referred to as the pacemaker? - ANSWER the sinoatrial node what is the electrical impulse through the heart? - ANSWER Sinoatrial node - Atrioventricular node - bundle of his - purkinje fibers describe the importance of the plate in a heart cells action potential. what ion is responsible? - ANSWER the plateu extends the absolute refactory period of the cardiac muscle cell. the difference between skeletal muscle action potential and cardiac muscle cell action potential - ANSWER skeletal muscle action potential must be stimulated and cardiac muscle cell action potential is self excitable. also the absolute refactory period is longer in CARDIAC than in SKELETAL What does the P wave represent? - ANSWER atrial depolarization What does the QRS wave represent? - ANSWER ventricular depolarization