Gerontological Nursing COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS|A+ GUARANTEE

1962 - ANSWER- 1st meeting of ANA Conference Group on Geriatrics Nursing practice 1966 - ANSWER- became division of geriatric nursing, gains full recognition as nursing specialty 1970 - ANSWER- published standards for its practice 1975 - ANSWER- 1st 14nurses recaived certificate for excellence in the practice 1976 - ANSWER- geriatric nursing division became gerontological nursing Gerontological nursing - ANSWER- involves care of aging people emphasize promotion of highest possible quality of life and wellness geriatric nursing - ANSWER- nursing care of sick older adults; relate more to treat older people with health problems Aging - ANSWER- biopsychosocial process of change that occurs in a person between birth and death Gerontology - ANSWER- Study of the aging process gerontological nursing - ANSWER- nursing practice that promotes wellness and highest quality of life for aging individuals, includes health promotion, education and disease prevention gerontic nursing - ANSWER- combines geron and geriatric nursing; encompasses both health problems and holistic aspects of older adult nusing care gerontological nurse - ANSWER- nursing specialty within certified nurses, clinical specialists and geriatric nurse practitioners who give care only to people over the age of 65 years Geriatrics - ANSWER- Branch of medicine dealing with older individuals and their medical problems geriatrician - ANSWER- a physician who specializes in the care of older people, who has special, formal lost grad education in geriatric medicine life expectancy - ANSWER- the number of years a person can expect to live based on specific age or year of birth according to statistical probability " Feminization of later life" - ANSWER- Women comprise the majority of older population longevity - ANSWER- living a long life centenarian - ANSWER- a person who is one hundred years old or older young old - ANSWER- 65-75 years old old - ANSWER- 75-85 years old old old - ANSWER- 85-100 years old elite old - ANSWER- over 100 chronologic age - ANSWER- the length of time that has passed since birth; number of years lived since birth physical age - ANSWER- manifested through the physical changes that occur with age functional age - ANSWER- reflects ability to carry on an independent, self sufficient life in which we take care of our own basic personal needs like self care Factors that affect Functioning on Older Persons - ANSWER- genetics nutrition perinatal and environmental factors family/community cultural factors Genetics - - ANSWER- humans are born with a genetic program that predetermines their life span. -Chromosomes carry genes that determine physical characteristics , intellectual and personality. - Diseases in the family may be inherited by unique genes that are linked to specific disorders. 2. Nutrition - ANSWER- Aging and the quality of aging depend on a person's nutritional intake over the span of life. - has greatest influence on physical growth, intellectual development, physiologic needs which in turn promote health and prevent illness. 3. Perinatal and environmental factors - ANSWER- - this begins in utero, it includes nutrition from the mother. Exposure to environmental factors such as alcohol , cigarette smoke, infection and drugs. 4. Family/ Community - ANSWER- - a supportive family and a stimulating environment helps a child reach his physical potential. 5. Cultural factors - ANSWER- -customs, traditions and attitudes of cultural groups influence the child's growth and development, social interaction and assumed roles. Theories of Aging - ANSWER- biological physiological psychosocial development stochastic theories (biologic) - ANSWER- somatic mutation intrinsic mutagenesis free radical cross link lipofuscin wear and tear somatic mutation theory - ANSWER- faulty synthesis of DNA, RNA or both. Lifespan is believed to be programmed before birth into the genes of DNA and changes in cells cause the changes in organization intrinsic mutagenesis - ANSWER- increase in mutational cells occurs due to breakdown of genetic regulatory mechanisms which decrease throughout life thus more mutations occur with aging. free radical theory - ANSWER- people age because as cells metabolize energy, the by- products include unstable oxygen molecules, thus oxidation.. this process is called oxidation stress, which ultimately disrupt cell membraneand alter DNA and protein synthesis cross link theory - ANSWER- collagen and elastin connective tissue components form bonds over time that alter cell rigidity due to exposure to chemical or radiation Lipofuscin theory - ANSWER- lipofuscin is a lipid & protein pigmented material suggests people age as they produce age spots that are accumulation of biochemical debris/ waste products, until they interfere with cell functioning