Renal Anatomy and Physiology Summary Notes Latest Edition

Renal Anatomy and Physiology Summary Notes 1-1.5 million functional units - how many functional units does kidney have? Cellular structure of the glomerulus Glomerular (Hydrostatic) pressure Feedback mechanisms of RAAS - Factors that influence the actual filtration process of the kidney Cortical nephron Juxtamedullary nephron - 2 types of Nephrons Blood Volume Blood pressure Blood composition - What influences renal function? Bowman's capsule - a membrane enclosing the glomerulus Hilus - it is where the renal artery enters into the kidney juxtamedullary nephrons - its function is primarily for concentration of urin Afferent- dilate Efferent- constrict - what happes if there is decrease in blood pressure? What happens to the afferent and efferent arteriole? located in the mostly in the cortex but it is extended deep into the medulla. - Location of Juxtamedullary nephron Regulation of body fluids Acid-Base balance Electrolyte balance Excretion of waste products Maintenance of blood pressure and erythropoiesis - Kidneys help maintain hoemostatis including: 8 capillary lobes - How many lobes does the glomerulus have? True - True or False Kidneys are located below the ribcage or adrenal gland Removal of waste products Reabsorption of nutrients - 2 main functions of Cortical nephron False without protein, water will leak out - True/False If there is no proteins in oncotic pressure, the water won't leak out of the blood vessel and tissues capillary wall membrane basement membrane visceral epithelium of Bowman's capsule - Cellular Structure of the Glomerulus have 3 layers. What are these? Cortical nephrons - it is abundant with nephrons Afferent- constrict Efferent - dilate - when there is Increase blood pressure, what happens to the afferent and efferent arteriole? Renal Blood Flow Glomerular filtration Tubular reabsorption Tubular secretion - What are the renal functions of the kidney? afferent arteriole - In renal blood flow, blood enters the (1) which is the portal entry of the blood It serves as a pathway for the molecules to get in and out of the tubules - Why is the glomerulus fenestrated? What is its purpose? cortex - Where is cortical nephron located?