HSCI 345
Statistical for Health
Sciences
Q & A w/ Rationales
2024
,1. A researcher wants to compare the mean blood pressure
of patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes. He
randomly selects 100 patients with diabetes and 100
patients without diabetes from a hospital database and
measures their blood pressure. What is the most
appropriate statistical test to use in this scenario?
a) Independent samples t-test
b) Paired samples t-test
c) One-way ANOVA
d) Chi-square test
*Answer: a) Independent samples t-test*
Rationale: An independent samples t-test is used to
compare the means of two independent groups on a
continuous outcome variable. In this case, the two groups
are patients with and without diabetes, and the outcome
variable is blood pressure.
2. A nurse wants to evaluate the effectiveness of a new
intervention for smoking cessation. She randomly assigns
50 smokers to either receive the intervention or a placebo
for 12 weeks. She measures the number of cigarettes
smoked per day at baseline and at the end of the study.
What is the most appropriate statistical test to use in this
scenario?
a) Independent samples t-test
b) Paired samples t-test
c) One-way ANOVA
d) Chi-square test
*Answer: b) Paired samples t-test*
, Rationale: A paired samples t-test is used to compare the
means of two related groups on a continuous outcome
variable. In this case, the two groups are the same smokers
measured at two different time points, and the outcome
variable is the number of cigarettes smoked per day.
3. A psychologist wants to examine the relationship
between stress and anxiety among college students. He
administers a questionnaire to measure stress and anxiety
levels to 200 students from different majors. He also
records their gender, age, and GPA. What is the most
appropriate statistical test to use in this scenario?
a) Pearson correlation
b) Spearman correlation
c) Linear regression
d) Multiple regression
*Answer: d) Multiple regression*
Rationale: A multiple regression is used to examine the
relationship between one continuous outcome variable and
multiple predictor variables, both continuous and
categorical. In this case, the outcome variable is anxiety
level, and the predictor variables are stress level, gender,
age, GPA, and major.
Statistical for Health
Sciences
Q & A w/ Rationales
2024
,1. A researcher wants to compare the mean blood pressure
of patients with diabetes and patients without diabetes. He
randomly selects 100 patients with diabetes and 100
patients without diabetes from a hospital database and
measures their blood pressure. What is the most
appropriate statistical test to use in this scenario?
a) Independent samples t-test
b) Paired samples t-test
c) One-way ANOVA
d) Chi-square test
*Answer: a) Independent samples t-test*
Rationale: An independent samples t-test is used to
compare the means of two independent groups on a
continuous outcome variable. In this case, the two groups
are patients with and without diabetes, and the outcome
variable is blood pressure.
2. A nurse wants to evaluate the effectiveness of a new
intervention for smoking cessation. She randomly assigns
50 smokers to either receive the intervention or a placebo
for 12 weeks. She measures the number of cigarettes
smoked per day at baseline and at the end of the study.
What is the most appropriate statistical test to use in this
scenario?
a) Independent samples t-test
b) Paired samples t-test
c) One-way ANOVA
d) Chi-square test
*Answer: b) Paired samples t-test*
, Rationale: A paired samples t-test is used to compare the
means of two related groups on a continuous outcome
variable. In this case, the two groups are the same smokers
measured at two different time points, and the outcome
variable is the number of cigarettes smoked per day.
3. A psychologist wants to examine the relationship
between stress and anxiety among college students. He
administers a questionnaire to measure stress and anxiety
levels to 200 students from different majors. He also
records their gender, age, and GPA. What is the most
appropriate statistical test to use in this scenario?
a) Pearson correlation
b) Spearman correlation
c) Linear regression
d) Multiple regression
*Answer: d) Multiple regression*
Rationale: A multiple regression is used to examine the
relationship between one continuous outcome variable and
multiple predictor variables, both continuous and
categorical. In this case, the outcome variable is anxiety
level, and the predictor variables are stress level, gender,
age, GPA, and major.
