INTRODUCTION TO DATA STRUCTURES
What is Data ?
Data is a collection of facts and figures or a set of values or values of a specific format that
refers to a single set of item values. The data items are then classified into sub-items, which
is the group of items that are not known as the simple primary form of the item.
Let us consider an example where an employee name can be broken down into three sub-
items: First, Middle, and Last. However, an ID assigned to an employee will generally be
considered a single item.
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In the example mentioned above, the items such as ID, Age, Gender, First, Middle, Last,
Street, Locality, etc., are elementary data items. In contrast, the Name and the Address are
group data items.
What is Data Structure?
Data Structure is a branch of Computer Science. The study of data structure allows us to
understand the organization of data and the management of the data flow in order to
increase the efficiency of any process or program. Data Structure is a particular way of
storing and organizing data in the memory of the computer so that these data can easily be
retrieved and efficiently utilized in the future when required. The data can be managed in
various ways, like the logical or mathematical model for a specific organization of data is
known as a data structure.
The scope of a particular data model depends on two factors:
1. First, it must be loaded enough into the structure to reflect the definite correlation of
the data with a real-world object.
, 2. Second, the formation should be so straightforward that one can adapt to process
the data efficiently whenever necessary.
Some examples of Data Structures are Arrays, Linked Lists, Stack, Queue, Trees, etc. Data
Structures are widely used in almost every aspect of Computer Science, i.e., Compiler
Design, Operating Systems, Graphics, Artificial Intelligence, and many more.
Data Structures are the main part of many Computer Science Algorithms as they allow the
programmers to manage the data in an effective way. It plays a crucial role in improving the
performance of a program or software, as the main objective of the software is to store and
retrieve the user's data as fast as possible.
Basic Terminologies related to Data Structures
Data Structures are the building blocks of any software or program. Selecting the suitable
data structure for a program is an extremely challenging task for a programmer.
The following are some fundamental terminologies used whenever the data structures are
involved:
3. Data: We can define data as an elementary value or a collection of values. For
example, the Employee's name and ID are the data related to the Employee.
4. Data Items: A Single unit of value is known as Data Item.
5. Group Items: Data Items that have subordinate data items are known as Group
Items. For example, an employee's name can have a first, middle, and last name.
6. Elementary Items: Data Items that are unable to divide into sub-items are known as
Elementary Items. For example, the ID of an Employee.
7. Entity and Attribute: A class of certain objects is represented by an Entity. It consists
of different Attributes. Each Attribute symbolizes the specific property of that Entity.
For example,
Attributes ID Name Gender Job Title
Values 1234 Stacey M. Hill Female Software Developer
Entities with similar attributes form an Entity Set. Each attribute of an entity set has a range
of values, the set of all possible values that could be assigned to the specific attribute.
The term "information" is sometimes utilized for data with given attributes of meaningful or
processed data.
8. Field: A single elementary unit of information symbolizing the Attribute of an Entity is
known as Field.
9. Record: A collection of different data items are known as a Record. For example, if
we talk about the employee entity, then its name, id, address, and job title can be
grouped to form the record for the employee.
What is Data ?
Data is a collection of facts and figures or a set of values or values of a specific format that
refers to a single set of item values. The data items are then classified into sub-items, which
is the group of items that are not known as the simple primary form of the item.
Let us consider an example where an employee name can be broken down into three sub-
items: First, Middle, and Last. However, an ID assigned to an employee will generally be
considered a single item.
Backward Skip 10sPlay VideoForward Skip 10s
In the example mentioned above, the items such as ID, Age, Gender, First, Middle, Last,
Street, Locality, etc., are elementary data items. In contrast, the Name and the Address are
group data items.
What is Data Structure?
Data Structure is a branch of Computer Science. The study of data structure allows us to
understand the organization of data and the management of the data flow in order to
increase the efficiency of any process or program. Data Structure is a particular way of
storing and organizing data in the memory of the computer so that these data can easily be
retrieved and efficiently utilized in the future when required. The data can be managed in
various ways, like the logical or mathematical model for a specific organization of data is
known as a data structure.
The scope of a particular data model depends on two factors:
1. First, it must be loaded enough into the structure to reflect the definite correlation of
the data with a real-world object.
, 2. Second, the formation should be so straightforward that one can adapt to process
the data efficiently whenever necessary.
Some examples of Data Structures are Arrays, Linked Lists, Stack, Queue, Trees, etc. Data
Structures are widely used in almost every aspect of Computer Science, i.e., Compiler
Design, Operating Systems, Graphics, Artificial Intelligence, and many more.
Data Structures are the main part of many Computer Science Algorithms as they allow the
programmers to manage the data in an effective way. It plays a crucial role in improving the
performance of a program or software, as the main objective of the software is to store and
retrieve the user's data as fast as possible.
Basic Terminologies related to Data Structures
Data Structures are the building blocks of any software or program. Selecting the suitable
data structure for a program is an extremely challenging task for a programmer.
The following are some fundamental terminologies used whenever the data structures are
involved:
3. Data: We can define data as an elementary value or a collection of values. For
example, the Employee's name and ID are the data related to the Employee.
4. Data Items: A Single unit of value is known as Data Item.
5. Group Items: Data Items that have subordinate data items are known as Group
Items. For example, an employee's name can have a first, middle, and last name.
6. Elementary Items: Data Items that are unable to divide into sub-items are known as
Elementary Items. For example, the ID of an Employee.
7. Entity and Attribute: A class of certain objects is represented by an Entity. It consists
of different Attributes. Each Attribute symbolizes the specific property of that Entity.
For example,
Attributes ID Name Gender Job Title
Values 1234 Stacey M. Hill Female Software Developer
Entities with similar attributes form an Entity Set. Each attribute of an entity set has a range
of values, the set of all possible values that could be assigned to the specific attribute.
The term "information" is sometimes utilized for data with given attributes of meaningful or
processed data.
8. Field: A single elementary unit of information symbolizing the Attribute of an Entity is
known as Field.
9. Record: A collection of different data items are known as a Record. For example, if
we talk about the employee entity, then its name, id, address, and job title can be
grouped to form the record for the employee.
