Principles of Pharmacology: Exam 1 (53) Questions and Answers (100% Verified Elaborations)

What is one way to counteract the GI side effects of constipation(what change in diet?) Fiber What organ is most commonly responsible for the excretion of medication from your body? Kidney What drugs can pass through the blood-placental barrier to harm the fetus? Alcohol and cocaine What intended action delays clotting? Coumadin A drug that is given orally but acts in another area is called what? Systemic A unique reaction to a drug is called? Idiosyncrasy What route has the quickest absorption into the bloodstream? Intravenous Name a diagnostic drug? Barium What is the source of barbiturates? Synthetic Is estrogen or flu vaccine a replacement drug Estrogen Alternative medicine includes natural or homeopathic remedies besides what? Electroshock therapy What is the Ebers Papyrus? An Egyptian medical document written in the 1550 BCE. Name a drug that is prophylactic drug Flu vaccine Name a palliative drug Fever reducer Name a replacement drug Synthroid Name a destructive drug Antibiotic What drugs causes birth defects? Teratogenic What term means "to not excrete drugs effectively"? cumulation True/False is isolation part of the stages of the drug cycle? False The rate of medication absorption is affected by what? Amount of food in the stomach, patient's age, concentration of medication, and pH of medication Routes through which medications are excreted from that body include what? Kidneys, lungs, bile, and breast milk One system of liver damage caused by the effect of medication is what? Jaundice Eating yogurt counteracts the GI side effect of what? Diarrhea Metabolism is also known as? Bio transformation The science of (blank) is the source of drugs, allowing more to be produced or creating different variations of the source, is known as what type of engineering? Altering, genetic Chemist are isolating pure chemicals from (blank) that marked the beginning of modern what? Plant, pharmacology Early records show that pharmacological (blank) consisted of (blank) (blank) and animal products Treatments, plants, minerals The Dutch word (blank) means "dry" Droog The Greek word (blank) means medicine, (blank) and (blank) Pharmakon, remedy, poison The (blank) (blank) contains recipes for treating a variety of illnesses Ebers Papyrus Most ancient societies treated (blank) based on trial (blank) Illness, error The main cause of death of U.S soldiers during WWI was (blank) and (blank) Infection, accidents The term that refers to the effect a drug has on the body is what? Pharmacodynamics What barrier drug is called a psychotropic? Blood-brain The Effect of two medications that is more powerful than if each were taken separately is known as what? Synergism Absorption is the process of a substance moving from where it was administered into what? Bloodstream What medication supplements/provides something that the patient is lacking Replacement drugs What medication makes the patient more comfortable? Palliative drugs What medication destroys something? Destructive drugs What medication treats and corrects illness? Curative drugs What medication helps determine if disease is present? Diagnostic drugs What drug prevents a drug from occurring? Prophylactic drugs List three animal sources for drugs Cows, sheep, horses Which barrier keeps most medications from reaching the CNS? Blood-brain barrier What term means "to not excrete drugs effectively"? Cumulation What term is two drugs taken together to make each work more effectively than when taken alone? Agonist What term is two drugs taken together that make a drug less powerful? Antagonistic What term is severe reaction that may cause a prescriber to change the medication being taken? Adverse reaction What term is mild reactions to medications, such as nausea and constipation? Side effects What term is sites where medications bind to create physiologic effect? Receptors What drug does a sheep make? Lanolin What drug does a cow make? Bovine What drug does a horse make? Premarin