ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review latest 2024 |Already Graded A +
-afil - ansErectile dysfunction
s/s: headache, heartburn, diarrhea, flushing, nosebleeds, parathesias, changes in color
vision
Contradicted in clients taking nitrates, anticoags, anti HTN
Common meds- sildenafil (viagra)
-arin - ansAnticoagulant
inhibit clotting factors (warfarin = factors VII, IX, X)
TX: evolving stroke, pulmonary embolism, massive deep vein thrombosis, cardiac cath,
MI, DIC
S/S: hemorrhage, heparin induced thrombocytopenia, toxicity/overdose
Common meds- warfarin (coumadin) {admin once daily, avoid NSAIDs & aspirin},
enoxaparin (lovenox)
-ase - ansThrombolytic
dissolves clots
TX: acute MI, DVT, massive PE, ischemic stroke
S/S: serious bleeding risks from recent wounds, puncture sites, weakened vessels,
hypotension
NI: Must take 4-6 hrs of onset
Common meds- alteplase (activase, tPA)
-asone, -solone
- onide
Pred-
Cort- - ansCorticosteroid
prevent inflammatory response
S/S: Hyperglycemia, peptic ulcer, fluid retention (increased appetite), withdrawal
symptoms, euphoria, insomnia, psychotic behavior
NI: admin w/ meals, DO NOT take with NSAIDS, teach DO NOT stop abruptly
Common meds- prednisone (deltasone), betamethasone (celestone), hydrocortisone
sodium succinate (Solu-cortef), Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (solu-medrol),
fluticasone propionate (advair, flovent)
-azine
- setron - ansAntiemtic
reduce N & V
S/S: drowsiness, anticholenergic effects, restlessness, tardive dyskinesia, EPS
NI: monitor VS
Common meds- promethazine (phenergan), metaoclopramide (reglan), ondansertron
(zofran)
-cillin - ansPenicillin
,ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review latest 2024 |Already Graded A +
TX: pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, septicemia, endocarditis, rheumatic fever,
GYN infections
NI: hypersensitivity w/ poss. anaphylaxis
-cycline,
-floxacin - ansAntibiotic
-dipine - ansCa+ channel blocker
Slows movement of calcium into smooth muscle= arterial dilation & decreased BP
Tx: angina, HTN (verapamil & diltiazem may be used for AFIB, A flutter, SVT
S/S: Constipation, reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity
Common meds- nifedipine (procardia), verapamil, diltiazem
-gliptin
-glitazone - ansDiabetes Mellitus
-ide - ansOral hypoglycemic
Used in conjunction with diet & exercise; type II
NI: teach s/s of hypoglycemia, HbA1C
metformin (glucophage): withhold 48 hrs before/after test w/ contrast
-iprazole
-apine
-idone - ansSecond Generation Antipsychotic (SGA)
-mycin - ansAminoglycoside
(Antimicrobials)
TX: pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia
NI: high risk for ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, monitor creatinine & BUN
Common meds- gentamicin sulfate (garamycin) therapeutic range: 4-12mcg/dL
-olol - ansBeta Blocker
inhibit stimulation of receptor sites= decreased cardiac excitability, CO, myocaridal O2
demand, lower BP by decreasing release of renin in the kidney
TX: HTN, angina, tachydysryhmias, HF, MI
S/S: Bradycardia, Bradypena, Bronchospasms, decreased BP
NI: Monitor DM for hypoglycemia
Common meds- metropolol, labetalol, propanolol
-pam, -lam - ansBenzodiazipines
TX: Sedative-hypnotics for sleep, Adjuncts to anesthesia to induce relaxation and
amnesia (procedural memory loss), To reduce anxiety (anxiolytic), Panic disorders, To
treat or prevent seizures, For alcohol withdrawal, Muscle relaxant
,ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review latest 2024 |Already Graded A +
-phylline,
-terol - ansBronchodilator
S/S: tachcardia, palpitations, tremors
Common meds- albeuterol
-pram, -ine - ansSSRIs
S/S: weight gain, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, drowsiness
NI: avoid alcohol, do not discontinue abrubptly, monitor for serotonin syndrome!
(agitation, confusion, hallucinations) within first 72 hrs
-prazole - ansProton pump inhibitor
S/S: D,V, N, can increase risk for fractures,, pneumonia, & acid rebound
NI: DO NOT crush, chew, break, notify PROVIDER if GI bleeding!
Common meds- omepazole (prilosec)
-pril - ansACE inhibitor
Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
TX: HTN, HF, MI, diabetic nephropathy
S/S: Anigoedema, Cough, Electrolyte imbalance (^k+)
NI: Monitor K+ levels, BP
Common med- catopril, lisinopril, enalapril (vastotec)
-statin - ansAntilipidemic
aid in lowering LDL & increasing HDL
S/S: muscle aches, hepatotoxicity, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, peripheral neruopathy
NI: take in evening, monitor renal and liver function, low fat/high fiber diet, drug
interactions: digoxin, warfarin, NSAIDs, etc.
Common meds- lovastatin (mevacor)
-tidine - ansAntiulcer
S/S: lethargy, depression, confusion, decreased libido
Common meds- ranitidine hydrochloride (zantac), cimetidine (tagamet), famotidine
(pepcid)
-tyline - ansTricyclic antidepressant
S/S: anticholenergic effects, sedation, toxicity
NI: DO NOT admin with MAOIs, avoid alcohol, contradicted in clients w/ seizures
Common meds- amitripytyline (elavil)
-vir - ansAntiviral
-zine - ansAntihistamine
S/S: anticholenergic effects (cant see, spit, pee, poop), drowsiness
, ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review latest 2024 |Already Graded A +
NI: use cautiously pts w/ HTN, PUD, urinary retention, assess hypokalemia, BP, Advise
to take @ night
Common meds- diphenhydramine (benadryl), loratadine (claratin), cetirizine (zyrtec),
fexofenadrine (allegra)
-zosin - ansHTN/Prostate
(biguanide) Metformin - ansOral hypoglycemic
Used in conjunction with diet & exercise; type II
NI: teach s/s of hypoglycemia, HbA1C
metformin (glucophage): withhold 48 hrs before/after test w/ contrast
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D - ans3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the
treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia,
large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases
the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium
concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food
item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice - ans4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed
to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk
may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice
contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of
systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
Review latest 2024 |Already Graded A +
-afil - ansErectile dysfunction
s/s: headache, heartburn, diarrhea, flushing, nosebleeds, parathesias, changes in color
vision
Contradicted in clients taking nitrates, anticoags, anti HTN
Common meds- sildenafil (viagra)
-arin - ansAnticoagulant
inhibit clotting factors (warfarin = factors VII, IX, X)
TX: evolving stroke, pulmonary embolism, massive deep vein thrombosis, cardiac cath,
MI, DIC
S/S: hemorrhage, heparin induced thrombocytopenia, toxicity/overdose
Common meds- warfarin (coumadin) {admin once daily, avoid NSAIDs & aspirin},
enoxaparin (lovenox)
-ase - ansThrombolytic
dissolves clots
TX: acute MI, DVT, massive PE, ischemic stroke
S/S: serious bleeding risks from recent wounds, puncture sites, weakened vessels,
hypotension
NI: Must take 4-6 hrs of onset
Common meds- alteplase (activase, tPA)
-asone, -solone
- onide
Pred-
Cort- - ansCorticosteroid
prevent inflammatory response
S/S: Hyperglycemia, peptic ulcer, fluid retention (increased appetite), withdrawal
symptoms, euphoria, insomnia, psychotic behavior
NI: admin w/ meals, DO NOT take with NSAIDS, teach DO NOT stop abruptly
Common meds- prednisone (deltasone), betamethasone (celestone), hydrocortisone
sodium succinate (Solu-cortef), Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (solu-medrol),
fluticasone propionate (advair, flovent)
-azine
- setron - ansAntiemtic
reduce N & V
S/S: drowsiness, anticholenergic effects, restlessness, tardive dyskinesia, EPS
NI: monitor VS
Common meds- promethazine (phenergan), metaoclopramide (reglan), ondansertron
(zofran)
-cillin - ansPenicillin
,ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review latest 2024 |Already Graded A +
TX: pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, septicemia, endocarditis, rheumatic fever,
GYN infections
NI: hypersensitivity w/ poss. anaphylaxis
-cycline,
-floxacin - ansAntibiotic
-dipine - ansCa+ channel blocker
Slows movement of calcium into smooth muscle= arterial dilation & decreased BP
Tx: angina, HTN (verapamil & diltiazem may be used for AFIB, A flutter, SVT
S/S: Constipation, reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity
Common meds- nifedipine (procardia), verapamil, diltiazem
-gliptin
-glitazone - ansDiabetes Mellitus
-ide - ansOral hypoglycemic
Used in conjunction with diet & exercise; type II
NI: teach s/s of hypoglycemia, HbA1C
metformin (glucophage): withhold 48 hrs before/after test w/ contrast
-iprazole
-apine
-idone - ansSecond Generation Antipsychotic (SGA)
-mycin - ansAminoglycoside
(Antimicrobials)
TX: pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia
NI: high risk for ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, monitor creatinine & BUN
Common meds- gentamicin sulfate (garamycin) therapeutic range: 4-12mcg/dL
-olol - ansBeta Blocker
inhibit stimulation of receptor sites= decreased cardiac excitability, CO, myocaridal O2
demand, lower BP by decreasing release of renin in the kidney
TX: HTN, angina, tachydysryhmias, HF, MI
S/S: Bradycardia, Bradypena, Bronchospasms, decreased BP
NI: Monitor DM for hypoglycemia
Common meds- metropolol, labetalol, propanolol
-pam, -lam - ansBenzodiazipines
TX: Sedative-hypnotics for sleep, Adjuncts to anesthesia to induce relaxation and
amnesia (procedural memory loss), To reduce anxiety (anxiolytic), Panic disorders, To
treat or prevent seizures, For alcohol withdrawal, Muscle relaxant
,ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review latest 2024 |Already Graded A +
-phylline,
-terol - ansBronchodilator
S/S: tachcardia, palpitations, tremors
Common meds- albeuterol
-pram, -ine - ansSSRIs
S/S: weight gain, fatigue, sexual dysfunction, drowsiness
NI: avoid alcohol, do not discontinue abrubptly, monitor for serotonin syndrome!
(agitation, confusion, hallucinations) within first 72 hrs
-prazole - ansProton pump inhibitor
S/S: D,V, N, can increase risk for fractures,, pneumonia, & acid rebound
NI: DO NOT crush, chew, break, notify PROVIDER if GI bleeding!
Common meds- omepazole (prilosec)
-pril - ansACE inhibitor
Block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II
TX: HTN, HF, MI, diabetic nephropathy
S/S: Anigoedema, Cough, Electrolyte imbalance (^k+)
NI: Monitor K+ levels, BP
Common med- catopril, lisinopril, enalapril (vastotec)
-statin - ansAntilipidemic
aid in lowering LDL & increasing HDL
S/S: muscle aches, hepatotoxicity, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, peripheral neruopathy
NI: take in evening, monitor renal and liver function, low fat/high fiber diet, drug
interactions: digoxin, warfarin, NSAIDs, etc.
Common meds- lovastatin (mevacor)
-tidine - ansAntiulcer
S/S: lethargy, depression, confusion, decreased libido
Common meds- ranitidine hydrochloride (zantac), cimetidine (tagamet), famotidine
(pepcid)
-tyline - ansTricyclic antidepressant
S/S: anticholenergic effects, sedation, toxicity
NI: DO NOT admin with MAOIs, avoid alcohol, contradicted in clients w/ seizures
Common meds- amitripytyline (elavil)
-vir - ansAntiviral
-zine - ansAntihistamine
S/S: anticholenergic effects (cant see, spit, pee, poop), drowsiness
, ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam
Review latest 2024 |Already Graded A +
NI: use cautiously pts w/ HTN, PUD, urinary retention, assess hypokalemia, BP, Advise
to take @ night
Common meds- diphenhydramine (benadryl), loratadine (claratin), cetirizine (zyrtec),
fexofenadrine (allegra)
-zosin - ansHTN/Prostate
(biguanide) Metformin - ansOral hypoglycemic
Used in conjunction with diet & exercise; type II
NI: teach s/s of hypoglycemia, HbA1C
metformin (glucophage): withhold 48 hrs before/after test w/ contrast
1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's
serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to
administer as prescribed to the client?
1. Calcium chloride
2. Calcium gluconate
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
4. Large doses of vitamin D - ans3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)
Rationale:
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing
hypercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the
treatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia,
large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases
the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the serum calcium
concentration.
2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency
anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food
item?
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice
4. Orange juice - ans4. Orange juice
Rationale:
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed
to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk
may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice
contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse
monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of
systemic toxicity from this medication?
1. Tinnitus
