NURS 6501 Mod 1-4 Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2024

NURS 6501 Mod 1-4 Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2024Why is HDL considered good cholesterol? - correct answer-It's able to remove cholesterol from artery plaques and recycle it back to the liver. Why is HDL consider good cholesterol - correct answer-HDL is considered good cholesterol because it collects excess cholesterol in the body cells and transports it to the liver where it is excreted. HDL carries 20 to 25% of total plasma cholesterol. Explain the role inflammation has in the development of atherosclerosis - correct answer-Inflammation in the heart muscle caused by chronic inflammatory processes leads to mitochondrial damage that results in an increased free radical production that further activates the chronic inflammatory vicious cycle Explain the role inflammation has in the development of atherosclerosis - correct answer-Activated mast cells recruit inflammatory cells that provoke plaque formation and lead to atherosclerosis. Chronic inflammatory infiltrates occupy layers of arteries were stable plaques are formed and associated with atherosclerosis. Explain the role inflammation has in the development of atherosclerosis - correct answer-Additionally active inflammation involves a thinning at the fibrous Of atherosclerotic plaque which predisposes vulnerable plaque to rupture. Why does the APRN recognize as the result of the pleural friction rub? - correct answer-The inflammation of the pericardium due to either the underlying autoimmune disease or a post viral syndrome causes roughening of the pericardium. This causes the classic rug which can be best heard at the Apex of the heart and left sternal border. Explain how a positive strep test has caused the patient's symptoms - correct answer-Rheumatic heart disease RHD only develops after a pharyngeal infection with group a beta hemolytic streptococcus. It is an abnormal response to humoral and cell mediated response to M proteins. Inflammation causes proliferative and exudative lesions in connective tissue. Explain how a positive strep test has caused the patient's symptoms - correct answer-Inflammation causes scarring of the valve tissue. Inflammation usually affects the endocardium which contains the valves. Endocardial inflammation causes swelling of leaflets in the valves. Describe the factors that could have contributed to the development of a DVT in this patient and explain how each of the factors could cause DVT - correct answer-Virchow's Triad caused damage to the walls of the vessels. Injury to the intimal layer of the vessel, antiplatelet substances such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin, along with the expression of collagen on the vessel wall, causes adherence to the platelets to the vessel wall. Describe the factors that could have contributed to the development of a DVT in this patient and explain how each of the factors could cause DVT - correct answer-Platelets become activated, then aggregate, forming clots. Venous stasis is a result of obesity, patients advanced age, and inability to perform physical therapy therapy. Explain why large pulmonary embolus interferes with oxygenation - correct answer-The embolus lodges somewhere in the pulmonary circulation and causes a ventilation/perfusion mismatch V/Q. Ventilation perfusion mismatch or V/Q defects are defects in total long ventilation perfusion ratio. Explain why large pulmonary embolus interferes with oxygenation - correct answer-It is a condition in which one or more areas of the lung receive oxygen but no blood flow, or they receive blood flow but no oxygen due to obstruction somewhere in the pulmonary circulation. This causes a decreased area for oxygen exchange. Explain why a large pulmonary embolism causes right ventricular strain - correct answer-The V/Q mismatch causes release of neurohumeral substances and inflammatory mediators that cause vasoconstriction of the pulmonary vasculature further impeding oxygenation. Explain why a large pulmonary embolism causes right ventricular strain - correct answer-Hemodynamically this vasoconstriction results in pulmonary hypertension, making it difficult for the right ventricle to pump blood. Explain why a large pulmonary embolism causes right ventricular strain - correct answer-The V/Q mismatch also creates decreased production of surfactant causing atelectasis that further decreases surface area available for oxygen exchange. Explain early asthmatic responses in the cells responsible for the responses - correct answer-When there is an initial airway exposure to an antigen, an innate and adaptive immune response is initiated. Explain early asthmatic responses in the cells responsible for the responses - correct answer-Cells that can initiate the inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and hyperresonance of the airways include Dedrick cells, T-helper 2 cells, lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, mast cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Explain early asthmatic responses in the cells responsible for the responses - correct answer-Early asthmatic response is a phase of bronchospasm that peaks at about 30 minutes and usually resolves after about 3 hours. Explain late asthmatic responses in the cells responsible for the responses - correct answer-Late asthmatic responses are mediated by earlier exposure in early phase that