Multiple Sclerosis NCLEX Review Questions and Answers
2024/2025
The nurse is assessing a 48-year-old client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.
Which clinical manifestation warrants immediate intervention?
1. The client has scanning speech and diplopia.
2. The client has dysarthria and scotomas.
3. The client has muscle weakness and spasticity.
4. The client has a congested cough and dysphagia.
4.Dysphagia is a common problem of clients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis,and this
places the client at risk for aspiration pneumonia. Some clients diagnosed with multiple
sclerosis eventually become immobile and are at risk for pneumonia.
1. These are clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis and are expected.
2. These are expected clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis.
3. These are expected clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis.
The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) states, "I don't
understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is it genetic?" On which statement
should the nurse base the response?
1. Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but the disease may be caused
by a virus.
2. There is no evidence suggesting there is any chromosomal involvement in
developing MS.
3. Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so both parents had to have
the gene for the client to get MS.
4. Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant gene on the Y
chromosome,so only fathers can pass it on.
1.The exact cause of MS is not known,but there is a theory stating a slow virus is
partially responsible. A failure of apart of the immune system may also beat fault. A
genetic predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 11, 17, 19, and X may be
involved.
2. There is some evidence supporting a genetic component involved in developing MS.
3. A specific gene has not been identified to know if the gene is recessive or dominant.
4. The X chromosome, not the Y chromosome,may be involved.
The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of numbness, tingling, a
crawling sensation affecting the extremities, and double vision which has
occurred two(2) times in the month. Which question is most important for the
nurse to ask the client?
1. "Have you experienced any difficulty with your menstrual cycle?"
, 2. "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your nose?"
3. "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems swallowing?"
4. "Are you taking birth control pills to prevent conception?"
3.These are clinical manifestation of MS and can go un diagnosed for years be-cause of
the remitting-relapsing nature of the disease. Fatigue and difficulty swallowing are other
symptoms of MS.
1. MS does not affect the menstrual cycle.
2. A rash across the bridge of the nose suggests systemic lupus erythematosus
4. Taking birth control medications should not produce these symptoms or the pattern of
occurrence.
The nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with acute exacerbation of
multiple sclerosis and finds the client crying. Which statement is the most
therapeutic response for the nurse to make?
1. "Why are you crying?The medication will help the disease."
2. "You seem upset. I will sit down and we can talk for awhile."
3. "Multiple sclerosis is a disease that has good times and bad times."
4. "I will have the chaplain come and stay with you for a while."
2.This is stating a fact and offering self. Both are therapeutic techniques for
conversations.
1. "Why" is requesting an explanation, and the client does not owe the nurse an
explanation.
3. The client did not ask about the nature of MS. The client needs to be able to verbalize
feelings.
4. This is "passing the buck." Therapeutic communication is an integral part of nursing.
The client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is scheduled for a magnetic
resonanceimaging (MRI) scan of the head. Which information should the nurse
teach the client about the test?
1. The client will have wires attached to the scalp and lights will flash off and on.
2. The machine will be loud and the client must not move the head during the test.
3. The client will drink a contrast medium 30 minutes to one (1) hour before the
test.
4. The test will be repeated at intervals during a five (5)- to six (6)-hour period.
2.MRI scans require the client to lie stilland not move the body; the clientshould be
warned about the loud noise
1. This describes an evoked potential electroencephalogram (EEG).
3. The client does not drink any contrast medium. If contrast is used, it will be given IVP
2024/2025
The nurse is assessing a 48-year-old client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis.
Which clinical manifestation warrants immediate intervention?
1. The client has scanning speech and diplopia.
2. The client has dysarthria and scotomas.
3. The client has muscle weakness and spasticity.
4. The client has a congested cough and dysphagia.
4.Dysphagia is a common problem of clients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis,and this
places the client at risk for aspiration pneumonia. Some clients diagnosed with multiple
sclerosis eventually become immobile and are at risk for pneumonia.
1. These are clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis and are expected.
2. These are expected clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis.
3. These are expected clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis.
The client newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) states, "I don't
understand how I got multiple sclerosis. Is it genetic?" On which statement
should the nurse base the response?
1. Genetics may play a role in susceptibility to MS, but the disease may be caused
by a virus.
2. There is no evidence suggesting there is any chromosomal involvement in
developing MS.
3. Multiple sclerosis is caused by a recessive gene, so both parents had to have
the gene for the client to get MS.
4. Multiple sclerosis is caused by an autosomal dominant gene on the Y
chromosome,so only fathers can pass it on.
1.The exact cause of MS is not known,but there is a theory stating a slow virus is
partially responsible. A failure of apart of the immune system may also beat fault. A
genetic predisposition involving chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 11, 17, 19, and X may be
involved.
2. There is some evidence supporting a genetic component involved in developing MS.
3. A specific gene has not been identified to know if the gene is recessive or dominant.
4. The X chromosome, not the Y chromosome,may be involved.
The 30-year-old female client is admitted with complaints of numbness, tingling, a
crawling sensation affecting the extremities, and double vision which has
occurred two(2) times in the month. Which question is most important for the
nurse to ask the client?
1. "Have you experienced any difficulty with your menstrual cycle?"
, 2. "Have you noticed a rash across the bridge of your nose?"
3. "Do you get tired easily and sometimes have problems swallowing?"
4. "Are you taking birth control pills to prevent conception?"
3.These are clinical manifestation of MS and can go un diagnosed for years be-cause of
the remitting-relapsing nature of the disease. Fatigue and difficulty swallowing are other
symptoms of MS.
1. MS does not affect the menstrual cycle.
2. A rash across the bridge of the nose suggests systemic lupus erythematosus
4. Taking birth control medications should not produce these symptoms or the pattern of
occurrence.
The nurse enters the room of a client diagnosed with acute exacerbation of
multiple sclerosis and finds the client crying. Which statement is the most
therapeutic response for the nurse to make?
1. "Why are you crying?The medication will help the disease."
2. "You seem upset. I will sit down and we can talk for awhile."
3. "Multiple sclerosis is a disease that has good times and bad times."
4. "I will have the chaplain come and stay with you for a while."
2.This is stating a fact and offering self. Both are therapeutic techniques for
conversations.
1. "Why" is requesting an explanation, and the client does not owe the nurse an
explanation.
3. The client did not ask about the nature of MS. The client needs to be able to verbalize
feelings.
4. This is "passing the buck." Therapeutic communication is an integral part of nursing.
The client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis is scheduled for a magnetic
resonanceimaging (MRI) scan of the head. Which information should the nurse
teach the client about the test?
1. The client will have wires attached to the scalp and lights will flash off and on.
2. The machine will be loud and the client must not move the head during the test.
3. The client will drink a contrast medium 30 minutes to one (1) hour before the
test.
4. The test will be repeated at intervals during a five (5)- to six (6)-hour period.
2.MRI scans require the client to lie stilland not move the body; the clientshould be
warned about the loud noise
1. This describes an evoked potential electroencephalogram (EEG).
3. The client does not drink any contrast medium. If contrast is used, it will be given IVP
