Chapter 44: Care of Patients with Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock |DeWit: Medical- Surgical Nursing: Concepts & Practice, 3rd Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A diving accident occurs at the community pool and the victim is conscious and in pain. Which intervention is most appropriate pending the arrival of emergency medical personnel? a. Position the patient on the side of the pool. b. Move the patient to the shallow end and cover with a towel c. Leave the patient in the pool and support with a large float. d. Leave the patient in the pool and attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). ANS: C Care should be taken to avoid movement of the patient and increasing injury to the spinal cord. Leaving the patient in the pool and supporting the patient on a float will not increase a possible spinal injury. Pulling the patient may cause further injury to the spine. CPR isnot indicated as the patient is not experiencing cardiopulmonary arrest. PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1026 OBJ:2 (theory) TOP: Diving Injury: First Aid KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential 2. A drowning victim is brought to shore and is semiconscious and breathing. The camp counselor recognizes that which positioning is the most appropriate for this victim? a. Supine to receive CPR b. Supine with knees flexed c. On the side in recovery position d. Prone with head turned to side ANS: C The patient who is breathing should be placed in the recovery position to allow the patient to vomit out water without danger of aspiration. CPR is not indicated as the patient is not experiencing the absence of cardiopulmonary activity. Lying supine or prone will not prevent aspiration in the event of vomiting. PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 1026 OBJ:2 (theory) TOP: Near-Drowning: Positioning KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential 3. In the memory prompt for emergency care, ABCDE, what does the “E” represent? a. End b. Execute c. Expedite d. Expose ANS: D The “E” stands for expose. This reminder is to assist the first responder to assess for other injuries that may be hidden under clothing. PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 1029 OBJ:2 (theory) TOP: ABCDE Memory Prompt: Definition KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance 4. The nurse is teaching a CPR class. During the class, the nurse correctly includes which statement when discussing the Good Samaritan Law? a. The Good Samaritan Law only protects medical professionals from liability. b. The Good Samaritan Law protects all people from liability. c. The Good Samaritan Law limits the liability of a medical professional. d. The Good Samaritan Law defines specific situations in which no liability will occur. ANS: B The Good Samaritan Law is designed to protect passersby who render first aid so they will not be held liable for the outcome of emergency care. Individuals who choose to render care will be held to the standard consistent with their training. The law is not limited to medical personnel. It does not address limitations of liability. There is no definition of specific scenarios protected by the law. PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: OBJ:N/A TOP: Good Samaritan Law: Provisions KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A MSC: NCLEX: N/A 5. A victim of a knife fight is found lying in a parking lot with a loop of bowel protruding from an abdominal wound. What should the first responder do first? a. Attempt to replace the bowel back into the abdomen. b. Wrap the victim’s shirt tightly around his body. c. Cover the evisceration with a plastic shopping bag. d. Assist the victim to flex his thighs against his abdomen.