Digestion, Absorption, and Metabolism Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy

1. The process of digestion involves a. thermal and chemical actions. b. chemical and metabolic actions. c. mechanical and chemical actions. d. mechanical and thermal actions. ANS: C For nutrients to be delivered to the cells, food goes through a series of mechanical and chemical changes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 56 MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation TOP: Nursing Process: Planning 2. The rhythmic contractions of the stomach and intestine that propel food along are called a. segmentation. b. peristalsis. c. cardiospasm. d. pendular movements. ANS: B N U R S I N G T B . C O M Peristalsis is the alternating muscular contractions and relaxations that force the contents forward through the gastrointestinal tract. The smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal wall provide these two movements to ensure continuous passage of the food mass along its journey. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 57 MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 3. An example of a gastric secretion is a. intestinal lipase. b. pancreatic amylase. c. bile. d. hydrochloric acid. ANS: D TOP: Nursing Process: Planning Gastric secretions include enzymes, hydrochloric acid, buffer ions, mucus, water and electrolytes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 57 MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation TOP: Nursing Process: Planning 4. A pizza slice is being consumed by a hungry teen. The first actions of biting, chewing, and breaking up the slice into smaller particles are called a. peristalsis. b. segmentation. c. pendular movements.