Theory and Methods: Feminism
malestream -✔✔✔how feminists believe many see society - male-dominated and from their
perspective only
subordinated -✔✔✔how feminists see females as being treated in society, and is part of their political
movement to change their position
late 19th century -✔✔✔the 'first wave' of feminism, with the suffragettes' campaign for women's right
to vote
1960s -✔✔✔the 'second wave' of feminism, which took on the world globally
liberal -✔✔✔the type of feminist who believe women can achieve gender equality through reform and
promoting equal rights (aka reformist or equal right feminists)
laws and policies -✔✔✔a key way liberal feminists believe gender equality can be achieved,
legitimizing the demand for reform about sexual discrimination in pay, employment and eduction
cultural change -✔✔✔the shift liberal feminists want to evoke due to traditional prejudices and
stereotypes create a barrier to equality, e.g. women seen as emotionally-driven, leading them to be left
out of decision making roles
gender -✔✔✔the term liberal feminists use to describe the culturally constructed differences of
masculine and feminine identities, compared to biologically assigned sexes
functionalist -✔✔✔the perspective that is critiqued by liberal feminists, as they see the roles of males
and females being fixed in every society, when liberal feminists believe that gender different roles vary
over cultures and time, e.g. instrumental and expressive roles
, socialisation -✔✔✔the process liberal feminists believe transmits sexist attitudes and culturally
constructed beliefs about gender, leading to an accepted patriarchal society
norm -✔✔✔the cultural change liberal feminists believe gender equality can achieve through changing
socialisation patterns, such as promoting appropriate role models in education and the family and
challenging gender stereotypes in the media
consensus -✔✔✔the view of society liberal feminists is closest to compared to other feminists theories
as they see men and women as equally capable and gender conflicts aren't inevitable
Marxists, radical feminists -✔✔✔the perspectives that argue that liberal feminists are naïve to
recognise the underlying causes of women's inequality and that changing laws will bring equal rights
radical -✔✔✔the type of feminists that focus on the patriarchy and sexual politics and believe equality
can only be achieved through women's liberation
patriarchy -✔✔✔the society radical feminists argue that we live in - a society in which men dominate
women
Firestone -✔✔✔the feminist who argues patriarchy is universal as its origins lie in women's biological
capacity to bear and care for infants, and therefore become dependent on males no matter what
fundemental -✔✔✔the reason why patriarchy exists as it is the most basic from of social inequality
and conflict
unpaid labour, sexual services -✔✔✔the acts that make radical feminists believe show all men oppress
all women in patriarchal society
malestream -✔✔✔how feminists believe many see society - male-dominated and from their
perspective only
subordinated -✔✔✔how feminists see females as being treated in society, and is part of their political
movement to change their position
late 19th century -✔✔✔the 'first wave' of feminism, with the suffragettes' campaign for women's right
to vote
1960s -✔✔✔the 'second wave' of feminism, which took on the world globally
liberal -✔✔✔the type of feminist who believe women can achieve gender equality through reform and
promoting equal rights (aka reformist or equal right feminists)
laws and policies -✔✔✔a key way liberal feminists believe gender equality can be achieved,
legitimizing the demand for reform about sexual discrimination in pay, employment and eduction
cultural change -✔✔✔the shift liberal feminists want to evoke due to traditional prejudices and
stereotypes create a barrier to equality, e.g. women seen as emotionally-driven, leading them to be left
out of decision making roles
gender -✔✔✔the term liberal feminists use to describe the culturally constructed differences of
masculine and feminine identities, compared to biologically assigned sexes
functionalist -✔✔✔the perspective that is critiqued by liberal feminists, as they see the roles of males
and females being fixed in every society, when liberal feminists believe that gender different roles vary
over cultures and time, e.g. instrumental and expressive roles
, socialisation -✔✔✔the process liberal feminists believe transmits sexist attitudes and culturally
constructed beliefs about gender, leading to an accepted patriarchal society
norm -✔✔✔the cultural change liberal feminists believe gender equality can achieve through changing
socialisation patterns, such as promoting appropriate role models in education and the family and
challenging gender stereotypes in the media
consensus -✔✔✔the view of society liberal feminists is closest to compared to other feminists theories
as they see men and women as equally capable and gender conflicts aren't inevitable
Marxists, radical feminists -✔✔✔the perspectives that argue that liberal feminists are naïve to
recognise the underlying causes of women's inequality and that changing laws will bring equal rights
radical -✔✔✔the type of feminists that focus on the patriarchy and sexual politics and believe equality
can only be achieved through women's liberation
patriarchy -✔✔✔the society radical feminists argue that we live in - a society in which men dominate
women
Firestone -✔✔✔the feminist who argues patriarchy is universal as its origins lie in women's biological
capacity to bear and care for infants, and therefore become dependent on males no matter what
fundemental -✔✔✔the reason why patriarchy exists as it is the most basic from of social inequality
and conflict
unpaid labour, sexual services -✔✔✔the acts that make radical feminists believe show all men oppress
all women in patriarchal society
