Patho test bank exam 1
Which of the following is an example of a clinical manifestation known as a sign?
a) Nausea
b) Bruise
c) Loss of appetite
d) Headache - ANS B Bruise
2. An obese adult with type 2 diabetes is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise. This is
an example of:
a) Primary prevention
b) Secondary prevention
c) Tertiary prevention
d) Disease prevention - ANS C
A public health nurse is providing smoking cessation counseling to a patient at risk for heart failure.
Smoking cessation would
be what level of prevention?
a) Primary prevention
b) Secondary prevention
c) Tertiary prevention
d) Disease prevention - ANS A
Individuals experiencing the same disease exhibit the same clinical manifestations.
a) True
b) False - ANS False
,Which of the following would be a non-modifiable risk factor for heart disease?
a) Smoking
b) Obesity
c) Elevated blood pressure
d) Family history - ANS D
A change in physiologic variable is more important than the absolute values.
a) True
b) False - ANS True
A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a number of clients
who are under his care in
a hospital context. Which of the following aspects of clients' situations best characterizes pathogenesis
rather than etiology? A
client:
a) Who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
b) Who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
c) Who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
d) With multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident - ANS B
A test reports that 99.8% of patients who have confirmed cardiac etiologies test positive in the test,
however 11.3% of patients
who don't have cardiac etiologies for their shortness of breath also test positive. Which of the following
statements best
characterizes this blood test?
a) Low sensitivity, high specificity
, b) High sensitivity, low specificity
c) Low reliability, high validity
d) High reliability, low validity - ANS B
The nurse is examining the results of the bronchoscopy of a chronic smoker. The report showed
stratified squamous cells as
opposed to columnar ciliated cells. The nurse understands that this is which type of cellular adaptation?
a) Hyperplasia
b) Metaplasia
c) Dysplasia
d) Anaplasia - ANS B
Which of the following clients is most likely to experience muscle hypertrophy? A client with:
a) Hypertension, obesity, and decreased activity tolerance
b) Urinary incontinence following a cerebral vascular accident
c) Peripheral edema secondary to heart failure
d) Possible rejection symptoms following a liver transplant - ANS A
A patient returns to the clinic for her Pap smear results, which reveal cervical dysplasia. Which of the
following statements if
made by the nurse accurately describes the condition?
a) "Some cells in your cervix have increased in size."
b) "There are anaplastic changes in the nucleus of some of your cells."
c) "Some cells in your cervix have become immature."
d) "Some of your cervical cells have become cancerous." - ANS C
Which of the following is an example of a clinical manifestation known as a sign?
a) Nausea
b) Bruise
c) Loss of appetite
d) Headache - ANS B Bruise
2. An obese adult with type 2 diabetes is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise. This is
an example of:
a) Primary prevention
b) Secondary prevention
c) Tertiary prevention
d) Disease prevention - ANS C
A public health nurse is providing smoking cessation counseling to a patient at risk for heart failure.
Smoking cessation would
be what level of prevention?
a) Primary prevention
b) Secondary prevention
c) Tertiary prevention
d) Disease prevention - ANS A
Individuals experiencing the same disease exhibit the same clinical manifestations.
a) True
b) False - ANS False
,Which of the following would be a non-modifiable risk factor for heart disease?
a) Smoking
b) Obesity
c) Elevated blood pressure
d) Family history - ANS D
A change in physiologic variable is more important than the absolute values.
a) True
b) False - ANS True
A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a number of clients
who are under his care in
a hospital context. Which of the following aspects of clients' situations best characterizes pathogenesis
rather than etiology? A
client:
a) Who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
b) Who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
c) Who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
d) With multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident - ANS B
A test reports that 99.8% of patients who have confirmed cardiac etiologies test positive in the test,
however 11.3% of patients
who don't have cardiac etiologies for their shortness of breath also test positive. Which of the following
statements best
characterizes this blood test?
a) Low sensitivity, high specificity
, b) High sensitivity, low specificity
c) Low reliability, high validity
d) High reliability, low validity - ANS B
The nurse is examining the results of the bronchoscopy of a chronic smoker. The report showed
stratified squamous cells as
opposed to columnar ciliated cells. The nurse understands that this is which type of cellular adaptation?
a) Hyperplasia
b) Metaplasia
c) Dysplasia
d) Anaplasia - ANS B
Which of the following clients is most likely to experience muscle hypertrophy? A client with:
a) Hypertension, obesity, and decreased activity tolerance
b) Urinary incontinence following a cerebral vascular accident
c) Peripheral edema secondary to heart failure
d) Possible rejection symptoms following a liver transplant - ANS A
A patient returns to the clinic for her Pap smear results, which reveal cervical dysplasia. Which of the
following statements if
made by the nurse accurately describes the condition?
a) "Some cells in your cervix have increased in size."
b) "There are anaplastic changes in the nucleus of some of your cells."
c) "Some cells in your cervix have become immature."
d) "Some of your cervical cells have become cancerous." - ANS C
