HIEU 202 History of Western Civilization : All Quizzes
(ANSWERED)
William Harvey's On the Motion of the Heart and Blood refuted which of the
following formerly held understandings?
The liver was the beginning point of the circulation of blood.
Which of the following created three laws of planetary motion that helped
disprove the basic structure of the Ptolemaic system?
Johannes Kepler
For what reason did Copernicus support the sun-centered model of the
universe?
It offered a simpler and more accurate explanation for the observed
motions of heavenly bodies.
Which one of the following comments best summarizes the impact of the
Scientific Revolution on Western Civilization?
It was a major turning point that represented cooperation in the pursuit of
new knowledge.
Which of the following is NOT true of the ideas of Copernicus?
They resulted in a system much less complicated than that of Ptolemy.
How did the Catholic Church respond to Galileo and his ideas?
It forced Galileo to recant them in a trial before the Inquisition.
Who was Maria Winkelmann?
She was a German astronomer.
What was the overall effect of the Scientific Revolution on the querelles des
femmes?
It generated facts about differences between men and women that were
used to prove male dominance.
The foundation of Francis Bacon's scientific method was built on which of
the following?
Inductive reasoning
The greatest achievements in science during the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries came in which of the following three areas?
Astronomy, medicine, and mechanics
During the seventeenth century, what happened to royal and princely
patronage of science?
It became an international phenomenon.
How are Isaac Newton's scientific discoveries best described?
,Although they were readily accepted in his own country, they were resisted
on the continent.
How did the French Academy differ from the English Royal Society?
It enjoyed abundant government support and control.
How is the work of Blaise Pascal best described?
It believed that reason had limitations
How did Paracelsus revolutionize the world of medicine in the sixteenth
century?
By advocating the chemical philosophy of medicine
As per the cosmological views of antiquity and the Middle Ages, which of
the following was the center of the universe?
The earth
Galileo's Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems was chiefly an attempt
to do which of the following?
Support Copernicus through a publication in Italian accessible to a wide
audience
The Inquisition found Galileo guilty of teaching condemned ideas gave him
what sentence?
To house arrest
How did Descartes believe that the world could be understood?
The same principles inherent in mathematical thinking
How did Tycho Brahe contribute to the advance of astronomy?
By making accurate observations of the planets
The growth of reading and publishing in the eighteenth century was aided
and characterized by the development of which of the following?
Magazines for the general public
How is the punishment of crime in the eighteenth century best described?
Public and very gruesome
Published travel accounts of different cultures resulted in which of the
following?
They led to the development of cultural relativism.
Which of the following is true of Johann Sebastian Bach?
He produced religious music as a way to worship God
How are Isaac Newton's and John Locke's contributions to the
Enlightenment best described?
They provided inspiration for the Enlightenment by arguing that through
rational reasoning and the acquisition of knowledge one could discover
natural laws governing all aspects of human society.
,Eighteenth-century writers, especially in England, used which of the
following new forms of literary expression to attack the hypocrisies of the
era and provide sentimental entertainment to growing numbers of readers?
Novels
In reaction to significant elements of rationalism and deism, in which two
countries did some ordinary Protestant churchgoers choose new religious
movements?
Scotland and Ireland
Who among the following took the position that individuals would be forced
to be free if they did not obey the general will?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
How are the works of Fontenelle best described?
They popularized a growing skepticism toward the claims of religion.
Voltaire was the author of which of the following important volumes with
relevance today?
Treatise on Toleration
In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu argued that the best political system
in a modern society is one that has which feature?
Power is divided between the three branches of government.
According to The Social Contract, how is the "general will" best described?
It was a social consensus to which the individual must bow.
How is the Baroque-Rococo artistic style of the eighteenth century best
described?
It is evident in the masterpieces of Balthasar Neumann.
Rousseau's influential novel, Émile, deals with which of the following key
Enlightenment themes?
Proper child rearing and human education
Voltaire was best known for his criticism of which institution or practice?
Religious intolerance
How is the Encyclopedia best described?
It was a 28-volume compilation of articles by many influential philosophers.
By the end of the eighteenth century, which of the following trends was
discernible?
Corporal and capital punishment were on the decline.
The belief in natural laws underlying all areas of human life led to which of
the following?
The emergence of the "science of man"
The strongest statement and vindication of women's rights during the
Enlightenment was made by who among the following?
Mary Wollstonecraft
, Who among the following was the English writer who argued in A Serious
Proposal to the Ladies that women should become better educated?
Mary Astell
How is European diplomacy during the eighteenth century best described?
It was shaped by the attempt to prevent one state from dominating the
others.
In a sincere effort to reform his domains typical of enlightened rulers, the
Austrian emperor Joseph II issued which of the following?
6,000 decrees and 11,000 new laws
All are correct about trade and commerce in the eighteenth century
EXCEPT which of the following?
International trade had become greater than trade within Europe.
How are the rulers associated with enlightened absolutism in the
eighteenth century best described?
They could never completely overcome the political and social realities of
the time.
All of the following contributed to the growth of population in the second
half of the eighteenth century EXCEPT which one?
The eradication of typhus and smallpox
How is France in eighteenth century best described?
It lost an empire while acquiring a huge public debt.
New European attitudes toward children are made visible in all EXCEPT
which of the following?
A reinforcement of the custom of primogeniture
How is the dismemberment of Poland in the late eighteenth century best
described?
It showed the necessity of a strong, centralized monarchy to defend a state
in the period.
Which of the following describes a frequent goal of wars in Europe?
Trying to place a family member on an important throne
Politically, what change occurred during the period from 1715 to 1789?
The continuing process of centralization in the development of nation-
states
How is the problem of poverty in eighteenth-century Europe best
described?
It was aggravated by the hostile feelings of government officials toward the
poor.
During the eighteenth century, what fate did the idea of divine right enjoy?
It was replaced by the idea of "enlightened absolutism" justified by
utilitarian arguments.
(ANSWERED)
William Harvey's On the Motion of the Heart and Blood refuted which of the
following formerly held understandings?
The liver was the beginning point of the circulation of blood.
Which of the following created three laws of planetary motion that helped
disprove the basic structure of the Ptolemaic system?
Johannes Kepler
For what reason did Copernicus support the sun-centered model of the
universe?
It offered a simpler and more accurate explanation for the observed
motions of heavenly bodies.
Which one of the following comments best summarizes the impact of the
Scientific Revolution on Western Civilization?
It was a major turning point that represented cooperation in the pursuit of
new knowledge.
Which of the following is NOT true of the ideas of Copernicus?
They resulted in a system much less complicated than that of Ptolemy.
How did the Catholic Church respond to Galileo and his ideas?
It forced Galileo to recant them in a trial before the Inquisition.
Who was Maria Winkelmann?
She was a German astronomer.
What was the overall effect of the Scientific Revolution on the querelles des
femmes?
It generated facts about differences between men and women that were
used to prove male dominance.
The foundation of Francis Bacon's scientific method was built on which of
the following?
Inductive reasoning
The greatest achievements in science during the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries came in which of the following three areas?
Astronomy, medicine, and mechanics
During the seventeenth century, what happened to royal and princely
patronage of science?
It became an international phenomenon.
How are Isaac Newton's scientific discoveries best described?
,Although they were readily accepted in his own country, they were resisted
on the continent.
How did the French Academy differ from the English Royal Society?
It enjoyed abundant government support and control.
How is the work of Blaise Pascal best described?
It believed that reason had limitations
How did Paracelsus revolutionize the world of medicine in the sixteenth
century?
By advocating the chemical philosophy of medicine
As per the cosmological views of antiquity and the Middle Ages, which of
the following was the center of the universe?
The earth
Galileo's Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems was chiefly an attempt
to do which of the following?
Support Copernicus through a publication in Italian accessible to a wide
audience
The Inquisition found Galileo guilty of teaching condemned ideas gave him
what sentence?
To house arrest
How did Descartes believe that the world could be understood?
The same principles inherent in mathematical thinking
How did Tycho Brahe contribute to the advance of astronomy?
By making accurate observations of the planets
The growth of reading and publishing in the eighteenth century was aided
and characterized by the development of which of the following?
Magazines for the general public
How is the punishment of crime in the eighteenth century best described?
Public and very gruesome
Published travel accounts of different cultures resulted in which of the
following?
They led to the development of cultural relativism.
Which of the following is true of Johann Sebastian Bach?
He produced religious music as a way to worship God
How are Isaac Newton's and John Locke's contributions to the
Enlightenment best described?
They provided inspiration for the Enlightenment by arguing that through
rational reasoning and the acquisition of knowledge one could discover
natural laws governing all aspects of human society.
,Eighteenth-century writers, especially in England, used which of the
following new forms of literary expression to attack the hypocrisies of the
era and provide sentimental entertainment to growing numbers of readers?
Novels
In reaction to significant elements of rationalism and deism, in which two
countries did some ordinary Protestant churchgoers choose new religious
movements?
Scotland and Ireland
Who among the following took the position that individuals would be forced
to be free if they did not obey the general will?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
How are the works of Fontenelle best described?
They popularized a growing skepticism toward the claims of religion.
Voltaire was the author of which of the following important volumes with
relevance today?
Treatise on Toleration
In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu argued that the best political system
in a modern society is one that has which feature?
Power is divided between the three branches of government.
According to The Social Contract, how is the "general will" best described?
It was a social consensus to which the individual must bow.
How is the Baroque-Rococo artistic style of the eighteenth century best
described?
It is evident in the masterpieces of Balthasar Neumann.
Rousseau's influential novel, Émile, deals with which of the following key
Enlightenment themes?
Proper child rearing and human education
Voltaire was best known for his criticism of which institution or practice?
Religious intolerance
How is the Encyclopedia best described?
It was a 28-volume compilation of articles by many influential philosophers.
By the end of the eighteenth century, which of the following trends was
discernible?
Corporal and capital punishment were on the decline.
The belief in natural laws underlying all areas of human life led to which of
the following?
The emergence of the "science of man"
The strongest statement and vindication of women's rights during the
Enlightenment was made by who among the following?
Mary Wollstonecraft
, Who among the following was the English writer who argued in A Serious
Proposal to the Ladies that women should become better educated?
Mary Astell
How is European diplomacy during the eighteenth century best described?
It was shaped by the attempt to prevent one state from dominating the
others.
In a sincere effort to reform his domains typical of enlightened rulers, the
Austrian emperor Joseph II issued which of the following?
6,000 decrees and 11,000 new laws
All are correct about trade and commerce in the eighteenth century
EXCEPT which of the following?
International trade had become greater than trade within Europe.
How are the rulers associated with enlightened absolutism in the
eighteenth century best described?
They could never completely overcome the political and social realities of
the time.
All of the following contributed to the growth of population in the second
half of the eighteenth century EXCEPT which one?
The eradication of typhus and smallpox
How is France in eighteenth century best described?
It lost an empire while acquiring a huge public debt.
New European attitudes toward children are made visible in all EXCEPT
which of the following?
A reinforcement of the custom of primogeniture
How is the dismemberment of Poland in the late eighteenth century best
described?
It showed the necessity of a strong, centralized monarchy to defend a state
in the period.
Which of the following describes a frequent goal of wars in Europe?
Trying to place a family member on an important throne
Politically, what change occurred during the period from 1715 to 1789?
The continuing process of centralization in the development of nation-
states
How is the problem of poverty in eighteenth-century Europe best
described?
It was aggravated by the hostile feelings of government officials toward the
poor.
During the eighteenth century, what fate did the idea of divine right enjoy?
It was replaced by the idea of "enlightened absolutism" justified by
utilitarian arguments.
