Summary Epigenetics cancer therapy

As a concept the “idea” of an “epigenetic code” has simplified the way we can describe the mechanistic elements that the cell uses to recognize and elicit epigenetic or aberrant epigenetic regulation in a cancer cell. Generally speaking, there are three “types” of regulatory protein known as “readers,” “writers,” or “erasers” of the epigenetic code. These are most generally associated with proteins that interact with histones through histone PTMs, although some have suggested a fourth category “remodeler,” while proteins, such as DNA methyltransferases, which modify DNA, have also been classified as “writers” [11]. Five main mechanisms allow the epigenetic machinery to regulate expression through: (1) DNA methylation; (2) chromatin accessibility; (3) histone modifications; (4) DNA
protein interactions; and (5) chromatin tridimensional architecture [