NSG 526 (LATEST EXAM EDITION )2024/2025
Hildegard Peplau - (correct answer) Theory of Interpersonal Relations.
Earliest modern nursing theory
Enabled nursing to establish the groundwork for Advanced Practice Nursing.
Therapeutic communication.
Psychotherapy - (correct answer) Holistic treatment that relies on the nurse's
processing of what the patient is experiencing
During the psychotherapy process the Psych APN: - (correct answer) Addresses
individual and family problems with the patient
Assesses identified problems during the orientation phase of the therapeutic
relationship
Determines the underlying healthcare issues with the patient
Collects psychiatric data
Establishes a trusting relationship
Interpersonal Therapy Goals - (correct answer) Focus on difficulties patients are
experiencing in current relationships and the ways relationships can be handled
Change pattern of communication
To alter expectations within relationships
To use social supports to help patients deal with stressors and improve their
environment
To relieve symptoms
To build social skills
Interpersonal Therapy Indications - (correct answer) Complicated bereavement/grief
Marital and interpersonal conflicts such as role disputes
Life events such as role transitions
Isolation, lack of support, interpersonal deficits
Early Phase of Interpersonal Therapy - (correct answer) Therapist identifies
depressive symptoms, evaluates patient, generates a diagnosis, takes an interpersonal
inventory
-nature of interactions with others
-identification of reciprocal relationships and determination if needs were satisfied
-Discussion of satisfying and dissatisfying aspects of the relationship
-recent changes in key relationships
-changes patient desires in relationships
Middle Phase of Interpersonal Therapy - (correct answer) Patient and therapist derive
more specific strategies to deal with stressors
Termination Phase Interpersonal Therapy - (correct answer) Consolidate gains
,Foster independence in the person
Review risk of relapse and reappearance of depressive symptoms
To contract again for continuation of treatment as needed
Group Therapy - (correct answer) The primary purpose of group therapy is to facilitate
changes by the patient in order to address identified problems
The group should be able to share the group experience and the leader should assure
dominant members are brought to the attention of the group so they are able to address
issues within the process.
A person explaining to the group ways that person is able to cope with things is called
an "information giver".
A technique where special favors or awards are given to assure patient participation
and involvement in group therapy is called Reinforcement
CBT - (correct answer) Works by having an active and questioning therapist. It
involves homework assignments, dream description, looking at ideas and beliefs the
patient has about themselves with a goal to increase subjectivity about thoughts
governing their behavior. Some interventions to consider when using CBT include
encouraging the patient to analyze early parental relationships, the underlying meaning
of behavior, identification of negative thoughts, and the effect of thoughts on feelings
and behaviors
Mnemonic to identify medical mimics - (correct answer) THINC MED
Tumors
Hormones
Infection
Nutrition
CNS
Miscellaneous
Electrolyte imbalances & Environmental toxins
Drugs
Tumors that mimic psych symptoms - (correct answer) Frontal lob tumors - abrupt
change in personality, flat affect, and/or euphoria
Occupation lobe tumors - visual hallucinations
Parietal lobe tumors - sensory disturbances, agnosia, lack of awareness appearing as
denial
Temporal lobe tumors - mood & memory disturbances; hallucinations (all types),
paranoid delusions
Pancreas tumors - severe depression, weight loss
Adrenal gland tumor (pheochromocytoma) - anxiety, panic attacks, sweating, rapid
pulse, tremors
Hypothyroidism - (correct answer) fatigue, loss of energy, trouble thinking and
depression, increased weight
, Hyperthyroidism - (correct answer) anxiety, depressive or manic episode, psychosis,
weight loss, increased activity
Children present as ADHD
Elderly present as dementia
Hypoparathyroidism - (correct answer) anxiety, irritability, hyperactivity
Hyperparathyroidism - (correct answer) anxiety, depression, fatigue, irritability
Cushing's syndrome - (correct answer) excessive production of cortisol
fatigue, anxiety, depression
* Symptoms also seen in steroid use.
Addison's disease - (correct answer) Decreased cortisol production.
Confused with Persistent depressive disorder
*symptoms also seen with steroid withdrawal
Increased testosterone - (correct answer) increased physical aggression
Decreased testosterone - (correct answer) impotence, decreased libido, depression
Estrogen - (correct answer) increases irritability of CNS due to its effect on dopamine
activity
Hypoglycemia - (correct answer) anxiety, attention problems, irritability, night sweats,
nightmares, morning headaches
Hyperglycemia - (correct answer) drowsiness, lethargy, increased appetite, increased
pulse, weight gain
*Mistaken for Persistent Depressive Disorder or Seasonal Affective Disorder
Infections that mimic symptoms of Psych disorders - (correct answer) AIDS, syphilis,
herpes, TB, Lyme disease - all affect CNS
Mono, hepatitis - chronic fatigue and depression
Chronic sinus infection, allergies - depression, low energy, headache, sleep
disturbances
Rheumatic heart disease - onset of tics & OCD
Systemic lupus erythematosis - cognitive deficits
Decreased cobalamin (B12) - (correct answer) mood swings, paranoia, hallucinations,
panic disorder, cognitive deficits (difficulty thinking)
Decreased thiamine (B1) - (correct answer) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Decreased niacin - (correct answer) apathy, irritability, insomnia.
Hildegard Peplau - (correct answer) Theory of Interpersonal Relations.
Earliest modern nursing theory
Enabled nursing to establish the groundwork for Advanced Practice Nursing.
Therapeutic communication.
Psychotherapy - (correct answer) Holistic treatment that relies on the nurse's
processing of what the patient is experiencing
During the psychotherapy process the Psych APN: - (correct answer) Addresses
individual and family problems with the patient
Assesses identified problems during the orientation phase of the therapeutic
relationship
Determines the underlying healthcare issues with the patient
Collects psychiatric data
Establishes a trusting relationship
Interpersonal Therapy Goals - (correct answer) Focus on difficulties patients are
experiencing in current relationships and the ways relationships can be handled
Change pattern of communication
To alter expectations within relationships
To use social supports to help patients deal with stressors and improve their
environment
To relieve symptoms
To build social skills
Interpersonal Therapy Indications - (correct answer) Complicated bereavement/grief
Marital and interpersonal conflicts such as role disputes
Life events such as role transitions
Isolation, lack of support, interpersonal deficits
Early Phase of Interpersonal Therapy - (correct answer) Therapist identifies
depressive symptoms, evaluates patient, generates a diagnosis, takes an interpersonal
inventory
-nature of interactions with others
-identification of reciprocal relationships and determination if needs were satisfied
-Discussion of satisfying and dissatisfying aspects of the relationship
-recent changes in key relationships
-changes patient desires in relationships
Middle Phase of Interpersonal Therapy - (correct answer) Patient and therapist derive
more specific strategies to deal with stressors
Termination Phase Interpersonal Therapy - (correct answer) Consolidate gains
,Foster independence in the person
Review risk of relapse and reappearance of depressive symptoms
To contract again for continuation of treatment as needed
Group Therapy - (correct answer) The primary purpose of group therapy is to facilitate
changes by the patient in order to address identified problems
The group should be able to share the group experience and the leader should assure
dominant members are brought to the attention of the group so they are able to address
issues within the process.
A person explaining to the group ways that person is able to cope with things is called
an "information giver".
A technique where special favors or awards are given to assure patient participation
and involvement in group therapy is called Reinforcement
CBT - (correct answer) Works by having an active and questioning therapist. It
involves homework assignments, dream description, looking at ideas and beliefs the
patient has about themselves with a goal to increase subjectivity about thoughts
governing their behavior. Some interventions to consider when using CBT include
encouraging the patient to analyze early parental relationships, the underlying meaning
of behavior, identification of negative thoughts, and the effect of thoughts on feelings
and behaviors
Mnemonic to identify medical mimics - (correct answer) THINC MED
Tumors
Hormones
Infection
Nutrition
CNS
Miscellaneous
Electrolyte imbalances & Environmental toxins
Drugs
Tumors that mimic psych symptoms - (correct answer) Frontal lob tumors - abrupt
change in personality, flat affect, and/or euphoria
Occupation lobe tumors - visual hallucinations
Parietal lobe tumors - sensory disturbances, agnosia, lack of awareness appearing as
denial
Temporal lobe tumors - mood & memory disturbances; hallucinations (all types),
paranoid delusions
Pancreas tumors - severe depression, weight loss
Adrenal gland tumor (pheochromocytoma) - anxiety, panic attacks, sweating, rapid
pulse, tremors
Hypothyroidism - (correct answer) fatigue, loss of energy, trouble thinking and
depression, increased weight
, Hyperthyroidism - (correct answer) anxiety, depressive or manic episode, psychosis,
weight loss, increased activity
Children present as ADHD
Elderly present as dementia
Hypoparathyroidism - (correct answer) anxiety, irritability, hyperactivity
Hyperparathyroidism - (correct answer) anxiety, depression, fatigue, irritability
Cushing's syndrome - (correct answer) excessive production of cortisol
fatigue, anxiety, depression
* Symptoms also seen in steroid use.
Addison's disease - (correct answer) Decreased cortisol production.
Confused with Persistent depressive disorder
*symptoms also seen with steroid withdrawal
Increased testosterone - (correct answer) increased physical aggression
Decreased testosterone - (correct answer) impotence, decreased libido, depression
Estrogen - (correct answer) increases irritability of CNS due to its effect on dopamine
activity
Hypoglycemia - (correct answer) anxiety, attention problems, irritability, night sweats,
nightmares, morning headaches
Hyperglycemia - (correct answer) drowsiness, lethargy, increased appetite, increased
pulse, weight gain
*Mistaken for Persistent Depressive Disorder or Seasonal Affective Disorder
Infections that mimic symptoms of Psych disorders - (correct answer) AIDS, syphilis,
herpes, TB, Lyme disease - all affect CNS
Mono, hepatitis - chronic fatigue and depression
Chronic sinus infection, allergies - depression, low energy, headache, sleep
disturbances
Rheumatic heart disease - onset of tics & OCD
Systemic lupus erythematosis - cognitive deficits
Decreased cobalamin (B12) - (correct answer) mood swings, paranoia, hallucinations,
panic disorder, cognitive deficits (difficulty thinking)
Decreased thiamine (B1) - (correct answer) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Decreased niacin - (correct answer) apathy, irritability, insomnia.
