ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OPENSTAX TEST
BANK 2024 |ALREADY GRADED A+
9 Abdominal regions - ansRight Hypochondriac region, Epigastric region, Left
hypochondriac region, Right lumbar region, Umbilical region, Left Lumbar Region, Right
iliac region, hypogastric region, left iliac region.
Abdomen - ansAbdominal
Abdominopelvic Cavity - ansThe largest
cavity in the body. Although no membrane physically divides the abdominopelvic cavity,
it can be useful to distinguish
between the abdominal cavity, the division that houses the digestive organs, and the
pelvic cavity, the division that houses
the organs of reproduction.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - ansThe chemical compound every cell in your body
uses to store and release energy. The cell stores energy (anabolism) of ATP then is
broken down (catabolism) and a controlled amount of energy is released for the cell to
perform its job.
Anabolism - ansThe process in which smaller simpler molecules are combined into
larger more complex substances. Combining small molecules in the food you eat into
complex chemicals it needs.
Anatomical position - ansThe body standing upright with the feet at shoulder width and
parallel, toes forward. Upper limbs held out to each other and palms and hands forward
facing.
Anatomy - ansThe scientific study of the body's structures.
Antebrachium - ansBack forearm (antebrachial)
Antecubitis - ansFront of elbow (antecubital)
Anterbrachium - ansForearm (anterbrachial)
Anterior (Ventral) - ansThe front or direction towards the front of the body. EX: Toes are
anterior to the foot.
Auris - ansEar (otic)
Axilla - ansArmpit (axillary)
Brachium - ansBack of Arm (brachial)
Brachlum - ansArm (Brachial)
,ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OPENSTAX TEST
BANK 2024 |ALREADY GRADED A+
Bucca - ansCheek (buccal)
Calcaneus - ansHeel of Foot (Calcaneal)
Cardiovascular System - ansHeart, blood Vessels. Delivers oxygen and nutrients to
tissues. Equalizes temperatures in the body.
Carpus - ansWrist (Carpal)
Catabolism - ansThe process in which larger more complex molecules are broken down
into smaller simpler molecules. Release energy.
Cell - ansThe smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism. Even
bacteria, which are extremely small, independently-living organisms, have a cellular
structure. Each bacterium is a single cell. All living structures of human anatomy contain
cells, and almost all functions of human physiology are performed in cells or are initiated
by cells.
Cephaion - ansHead (Cephalic)
Cervicis - ansNeck (cervical)
Cervicis - ansNeck (Cervical)
Computed tomography (CT) - ansA noninvasive imaging technique that uses computers
to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays in order to reveal minute details about
structures in the body.
Control center - ansThe component in a feedback system that compares the value to
the normal range. If it is too different the control center activates the effector.
Cranial Cavity - ansHouses the brain
Crus - ansLeg (crural)
Cytology - ansThe study of Cells.
Deep - ansA position farther from the surface of the body. The brain is deep to the skull
Development - ansall of the changes the body goes through in life. includes
differentiation. Also includes Growth and repair.
Differentiation - ansUnspecialized cells become specialized in structure and function to
perform certain tasks in the body.
,ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OPENSTAX TEST
BANK 2024 |ALREADY GRADED A+
Digestive System - ansStomach, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine.
Processes food for use by the body. Removes wastes from undigested food.
Digits - ans(phalanges) fingers digital or phalangeal
Distal - ansA position in a limb that is farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of
the body. The Crus is distal to the Femur.
Dorsal (Posterior) Cavity and Ventral Anterior Cavity - ansLargest body compartments/
Contain and protect delicate internal organs and the ventral cavity allows for significant
changes in the size and shape of the organs as they perform their functions.
Dorsum - ansBack or Dorsal
Effector - ansThe component in a feedback system that causes a change to reverse the
situation and return the value to the normal range.
Endocrine System - ansPituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes
and ovaries. Secretes hormones, regulates bodily processes.
Energy Yielding Nutrients - ansCarbohydrates and lipids, Proteins supply amino acids.
Can survive for several weeks without energy yielding nutrients. MACRONUTRIENT
Facies - ansFace (facial)
Female Reproductive System - ansMammary glands, Ovaries, Uterus. Produces Sex
hormones, supports embryo/fetus until birth, and Produces milk for infants.
Femur - ansThigh (femoral)
Femur - ansThigh or femoral
Fons - ansForehead (frontal)
Foot Digits - ans(phalanges or toes digital or phalangeal)
Four Abdominal Quadrants - ansRight upper quadrant, Left upper quadrant, Right lower
quadrant. Left lower quadrant.
Frontal Plane - ansThe plane that divides the body or an organ into an anterior (front)
portion and posterior (rear) portion. Frontal plane is often referred to as a coronal plane.
Corona is Latin for Crown.
Fundamental Levels of Organization - anssubatomic particles, atoms, molecules,
organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms and biosphere
, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OPENSTAX TEST
BANK 2024 |ALREADY GRADED A+
Gluteus - ansButtock (gluteal)
Gross Anatomy - ansAlso called Macroscopic anatomy. The study of larger structures in
the body. Visible without magnification.
Growth - ansThe increase in body size. Also increase size in existing cells
Hip - ansCoxal
Histology - ansThe study of Tissues.
Homeostasis - ansThe state of steady internal
conditions maintained by living things. The study of physiology certainly includes
observation, both with the naked eye and
with microscopes, as well as manipulations and measurements.
Inferior or Caudal - ansA position below or lower than another part of the body proper.
Near or toward the tale. Coccyx or lowest parto of the spinal column.
Inguen - ansGroin (inguinal)
Integumentary System - ansHair, Skin, Nails. Encloses internal body structures. Site of
many sensory receptors. LARGEST BODY SYSTEM.
Lateral - ansThe side or direction toward the side of the body. The thumb is lateral to
the digits.
Lumbus - ansLoin or Lumbar
Lymphatic System - ansThymus, Lymph nodes, Spleen, Lymphatic Vessels. Returns
fluid to blood and defends against pathogens.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ansnoninvasive medical imaging technique based
on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930's. Expensive and
uncomfortable for the patient. Noisy.
Male Reproductive System - ansEpididymis, Testes. Produces sex hormones and
gametes, delivers gametes to females.
Mamma - ansBreast (Mammary)
Manus - ansHand (Manual)
Medial - ansThe middle or direction towards the middle of the body.
BANK 2024 |ALREADY GRADED A+
9 Abdominal regions - ansRight Hypochondriac region, Epigastric region, Left
hypochondriac region, Right lumbar region, Umbilical region, Left Lumbar Region, Right
iliac region, hypogastric region, left iliac region.
Abdomen - ansAbdominal
Abdominopelvic Cavity - ansThe largest
cavity in the body. Although no membrane physically divides the abdominopelvic cavity,
it can be useful to distinguish
between the abdominal cavity, the division that houses the digestive organs, and the
pelvic cavity, the division that houses
the organs of reproduction.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - ansThe chemical compound every cell in your body
uses to store and release energy. The cell stores energy (anabolism) of ATP then is
broken down (catabolism) and a controlled amount of energy is released for the cell to
perform its job.
Anabolism - ansThe process in which smaller simpler molecules are combined into
larger more complex substances. Combining small molecules in the food you eat into
complex chemicals it needs.
Anatomical position - ansThe body standing upright with the feet at shoulder width and
parallel, toes forward. Upper limbs held out to each other and palms and hands forward
facing.
Anatomy - ansThe scientific study of the body's structures.
Antebrachium - ansBack forearm (antebrachial)
Antecubitis - ansFront of elbow (antecubital)
Anterbrachium - ansForearm (anterbrachial)
Anterior (Ventral) - ansThe front or direction towards the front of the body. EX: Toes are
anterior to the foot.
Auris - ansEar (otic)
Axilla - ansArmpit (axillary)
Brachium - ansBack of Arm (brachial)
Brachlum - ansArm (Brachial)
,ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OPENSTAX TEST
BANK 2024 |ALREADY GRADED A+
Bucca - ansCheek (buccal)
Calcaneus - ansHeel of Foot (Calcaneal)
Cardiovascular System - ansHeart, blood Vessels. Delivers oxygen and nutrients to
tissues. Equalizes temperatures in the body.
Carpus - ansWrist (Carpal)
Catabolism - ansThe process in which larger more complex molecules are broken down
into smaller simpler molecules. Release energy.
Cell - ansThe smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism. Even
bacteria, which are extremely small, independently-living organisms, have a cellular
structure. Each bacterium is a single cell. All living structures of human anatomy contain
cells, and almost all functions of human physiology are performed in cells or are initiated
by cells.
Cephaion - ansHead (Cephalic)
Cervicis - ansNeck (cervical)
Cervicis - ansNeck (Cervical)
Computed tomography (CT) - ansA noninvasive imaging technique that uses computers
to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays in order to reveal minute details about
structures in the body.
Control center - ansThe component in a feedback system that compares the value to
the normal range. If it is too different the control center activates the effector.
Cranial Cavity - ansHouses the brain
Crus - ansLeg (crural)
Cytology - ansThe study of Cells.
Deep - ansA position farther from the surface of the body. The brain is deep to the skull
Development - ansall of the changes the body goes through in life. includes
differentiation. Also includes Growth and repair.
Differentiation - ansUnspecialized cells become specialized in structure and function to
perform certain tasks in the body.
,ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OPENSTAX TEST
BANK 2024 |ALREADY GRADED A+
Digestive System - ansStomach, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine.
Processes food for use by the body. Removes wastes from undigested food.
Digits - ans(phalanges) fingers digital or phalangeal
Distal - ansA position in a limb that is farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of
the body. The Crus is distal to the Femur.
Dorsal (Posterior) Cavity and Ventral Anterior Cavity - ansLargest body compartments/
Contain and protect delicate internal organs and the ventral cavity allows for significant
changes in the size and shape of the organs as they perform their functions.
Dorsum - ansBack or Dorsal
Effector - ansThe component in a feedback system that causes a change to reverse the
situation and return the value to the normal range.
Endocrine System - ansPituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes
and ovaries. Secretes hormones, regulates bodily processes.
Energy Yielding Nutrients - ansCarbohydrates and lipids, Proteins supply amino acids.
Can survive for several weeks without energy yielding nutrients. MACRONUTRIENT
Facies - ansFace (facial)
Female Reproductive System - ansMammary glands, Ovaries, Uterus. Produces Sex
hormones, supports embryo/fetus until birth, and Produces milk for infants.
Femur - ansThigh (femoral)
Femur - ansThigh or femoral
Fons - ansForehead (frontal)
Foot Digits - ans(phalanges or toes digital or phalangeal)
Four Abdominal Quadrants - ansRight upper quadrant, Left upper quadrant, Right lower
quadrant. Left lower quadrant.
Frontal Plane - ansThe plane that divides the body or an organ into an anterior (front)
portion and posterior (rear) portion. Frontal plane is often referred to as a coronal plane.
Corona is Latin for Crown.
Fundamental Levels of Organization - anssubatomic particles, atoms, molecules,
organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms and biosphere
, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OPENSTAX TEST
BANK 2024 |ALREADY GRADED A+
Gluteus - ansButtock (gluteal)
Gross Anatomy - ansAlso called Macroscopic anatomy. The study of larger structures in
the body. Visible without magnification.
Growth - ansThe increase in body size. Also increase size in existing cells
Hip - ansCoxal
Histology - ansThe study of Tissues.
Homeostasis - ansThe state of steady internal
conditions maintained by living things. The study of physiology certainly includes
observation, both with the naked eye and
with microscopes, as well as manipulations and measurements.
Inferior or Caudal - ansA position below or lower than another part of the body proper.
Near or toward the tale. Coccyx or lowest parto of the spinal column.
Inguen - ansGroin (inguinal)
Integumentary System - ansHair, Skin, Nails. Encloses internal body structures. Site of
many sensory receptors. LARGEST BODY SYSTEM.
Lateral - ansThe side or direction toward the side of the body. The thumb is lateral to
the digits.
Lumbus - ansLoin or Lumbar
Lymphatic System - ansThymus, Lymph nodes, Spleen, Lymphatic Vessels. Returns
fluid to blood and defends against pathogens.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - ansnoninvasive medical imaging technique based
on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930's. Expensive and
uncomfortable for the patient. Noisy.
Male Reproductive System - ansEpididymis, Testes. Produces sex hormones and
gametes, delivers gametes to females.
Mamma - ansBreast (Mammary)
Manus - ansHand (Manual)
Medial - ansThe middle or direction towards the middle of the body.
