2024 LATEST High Acuity Final science-medicine- surgery

The reason newborns are protected for the first 6 months of life from bacterial infections is because of the maternal transmission of A. IgG B. IgA C. IgM D. IgE A. IgG The nurse encourages a new mother to breast feed her infant, even for a short time, because colostrum will provide the infant with A. Active immunity to many childhood illnesses for several years B. Passive immunity to all childhood illnesses for several months C. Passive immunity to diseases to which mother has immunity D. Innate immunity to diseases to which the mother is immune C. Passive immunity to diseases to which mother has immunity An older client at the clinic for an annual examination tells the nurse, "I don't understand why I need to have so many cancer screening tests now. I feel just fine!" The nurse will plan to teach the client about the A. Decrease in antibody production associated with aging B. Impact of poor nutrition on immune function in older people C. Consequences of aging for cell mediated immunity D. Incidence of cancer stimulating infections in older individuals C. Consequences of aging for cell mediated immunity A client develops a severe angioedema involving the face, hands and feet with burning and stinging of the lesions. A significant risk factor for allergies that the nurse questions the client about is A. Family history of allergic reactions B. Living in an underdeveloped country C. A recent upper respiratory infection D Any exposure to fungal infections A. Family history of allergic reactions A patient is undergoing plasmapheris for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. The nurse explains that plasmapheresis is used in her treatment to A. Remove T lymphocytes in her blood that are producing antinuclear antibodies B. Remove normal particles in her blood that are being damaged by autoantibodies C. Exchange her plasma that contains antinuclear antibodies with a substitute fluid D. Replace viral damaged cellular components of her blood with replacement whole blood A. Remove T lymphocytes in her blood that are producing antinuclear antibodiesA What is the most common complication of plasmapheresis? A. Hypertension and headache B. Hypotension and citrate toxicity C. Decreased RR and magnesium toxicity D. Increased RR and sodium toxicity B. Hypotension and citrate toxicity A client who seeks health care for vague symptoms of fatigue and headaches has HIV testing and is found to have a positive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) of HIV antibodies. In discussing the test results with the client, the nurse informs the client that A. The enemy immunoassay test will beed to be repeated to verify the results B. A viral culture will be done to determine the progress of the disease C. It will probably be 10 or more years before the client develops AIDS D. The Western Blot test will need to be done to determine whether AIDS has developed A. The enemy immunoassay test will beed to be repeated to verify the results Four years after seroconversion, an HIV infected client has a CD4 cell count of 800 cell/μl and a low viral load. The nurse teaches the client that A. The client is at risk for development of opportunistic infections because of CD4 cell destruction B. The client is in a clinical and biologic latent period during which very few viruses are being replicated C. Anti-HIV antibodies produced by β cells enter CD4 cells infected with HIV to sort replication D. The body currently is able to produce an adequate number of CD4 cells to replace this destroyed by viral activity D. The body currently is able to produce an adequate number of CD4 cells to replace this destroyed by viral activity A client who tested positive for HIV 3 years ago is admitted to the hospital with Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP). Based on diagnostic criteria established by the CDC, the client is diagnosed as having A. Early chronic infection B. HIV infection C. AIDS D. Intermediate chronic infection C. AIDS Which of the following statements is true regarding infants born of HIV infected mothers? A. Most babies born to an HIV infected mother will test negative at birth B. All babies born to an HIV infected mother will test positive at birth C. 25% of babies born to an HIV infected mother will test positive at birth D. 75% of babies born to an HIV infected mother will remain positive 6 months after birth B. All babies born to an HIV infected mother will test positive at birth