PN1 Final Exam 3 (GRADED A+) Questions and Answer
PN1 Exam 3 Questions With
Complete Solutions Graded A+
Page 1
, PN1 Final Exam 3 (GRADED A+) Questions and Answer
EXAM 3
1.) Which client is at highest risk of compromised immunity?
A. Client who just had surgery
B. Client with extreme anxiety
C. Client who is awaiting surgery
D. Client who just delivered a baby
ANS: A.
Intact skin is a defense to prevent infection; however, a client who has recently had
surgery has a portal for organisms to enter the body and cause infection.
2.) Which of the following is the principal site for regulation of fluid and
electrolyte balance?
A. Renal system
B. Pulmonary system
C. Cardiovascular system
D. Gastrointestinal system
ANS: A.
A balance of fluid and electrolytes is essential to maintain homeostasis. Excesses or
deficits can lead to severe disorders. The kidneys are the principal regulator of fluid and
electrolyte balance and are the primary source of fluid output. Specific hormones (e.g.,
ADH, aldosterone) cause the kidneys to regulate the body’s fluid and electrolyte
balance. The heart and vascular system are involved in fluid balance but not in
electrolyte balance and not as dramatically in fluid balance as are the kidneys that is,
they do not actually regulate electrolytes. The pulmonary system plays a major role in
regulation of acid base balance.
3.) The physician is going to order a hypotonic intravenous solution for a client
with cellular dehydration. The nurse would expect which fluid to be
administered?
A. 0.45 % sodium chloride
B. 0.9% normal saline
C. 5% dextrose in normal saline
D. Lactated ringers solution
Page 2
, PN1 Final Exam 3 (GRADED A+) Questions and Answer
ANS: A.
0.45% sodium chloride (one-half normal saline) is a hypotonic solution that draws fluid
from the vascular compartment into the cells. Normal saline is an isotonic solution that
remains in the vascular compartment and expands vascular volume. A solution of 5%
dextrose in normal saline is hypertonic until the glucose is metabolized, then it is
isotonic. Lactated Ringer’s is an isotonic solution that would not be effective in treating
cellular dehydration.
5.) A client is admitted for treatment of various poorly healing, infected leg ulcers.
The nurse recognizes that the client's nutritional history is of primary importance
since?
A. Wound healing and infection prevention are negatively impacted by poor nutrition
B. Nutrition is vital to the client's overall health status
C. The client's food intake will likely be decreased as a result of the illness
D. The client's habits regarding food intake are directly related to this hospitalization
ANS: A.
A reduction in protein, carbohydrates, and fats as a result of illness, inadequate diet, or
debility increases a client’s susceptibility to infection and delays wound healing. While
the other options are not incorrect, they are not as directly related to the cause of the
client’s poorly healing, infected wounds
6.) The nurse is using the Braden Scale to determine a client's risk for developing
a pressure ulcer. Which of the following areas are assessed with this scale?
A. Friction and shear
B. Infection
C. Home environment
D. Finances
E. Medications
ANS: A.
The Braden Scale is a highly reliable scale that uses six subscales to identify patients at
greatest risk for pressure ulcers: sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility,
nutrition, and friction and shear. The Braden Scale is used to assess a client’s risk for
developing a pressure ulcer. This scale assesses the areas of sensory perception,
Page 3
PN1 Exam 3 Questions With
Complete Solutions Graded A+
Page 1
, PN1 Final Exam 3 (GRADED A+) Questions and Answer
EXAM 3
1.) Which client is at highest risk of compromised immunity?
A. Client who just had surgery
B. Client with extreme anxiety
C. Client who is awaiting surgery
D. Client who just delivered a baby
ANS: A.
Intact skin is a defense to prevent infection; however, a client who has recently had
surgery has a portal for organisms to enter the body and cause infection.
2.) Which of the following is the principal site for regulation of fluid and
electrolyte balance?
A. Renal system
B. Pulmonary system
C. Cardiovascular system
D. Gastrointestinal system
ANS: A.
A balance of fluid and electrolytes is essential to maintain homeostasis. Excesses or
deficits can lead to severe disorders. The kidneys are the principal regulator of fluid and
electrolyte balance and are the primary source of fluid output. Specific hormones (e.g.,
ADH, aldosterone) cause the kidneys to regulate the body’s fluid and electrolyte
balance. The heart and vascular system are involved in fluid balance but not in
electrolyte balance and not as dramatically in fluid balance as are the kidneys that is,
they do not actually regulate electrolytes. The pulmonary system plays a major role in
regulation of acid base balance.
3.) The physician is going to order a hypotonic intravenous solution for a client
with cellular dehydration. The nurse would expect which fluid to be
administered?
A. 0.45 % sodium chloride
B. 0.9% normal saline
C. 5% dextrose in normal saline
D. Lactated ringers solution
Page 2
, PN1 Final Exam 3 (GRADED A+) Questions and Answer
ANS: A.
0.45% sodium chloride (one-half normal saline) is a hypotonic solution that draws fluid
from the vascular compartment into the cells. Normal saline is an isotonic solution that
remains in the vascular compartment and expands vascular volume. A solution of 5%
dextrose in normal saline is hypertonic until the glucose is metabolized, then it is
isotonic. Lactated Ringer’s is an isotonic solution that would not be effective in treating
cellular dehydration.
5.) A client is admitted for treatment of various poorly healing, infected leg ulcers.
The nurse recognizes that the client's nutritional history is of primary importance
since?
A. Wound healing and infection prevention are negatively impacted by poor nutrition
B. Nutrition is vital to the client's overall health status
C. The client's food intake will likely be decreased as a result of the illness
D. The client's habits regarding food intake are directly related to this hospitalization
ANS: A.
A reduction in protein, carbohydrates, and fats as a result of illness, inadequate diet, or
debility increases a client’s susceptibility to infection and delays wound healing. While
the other options are not incorrect, they are not as directly related to the cause of the
client’s poorly healing, infected wounds
6.) The nurse is using the Braden Scale to determine a client's risk for developing
a pressure ulcer. Which of the following areas are assessed with this scale?
A. Friction and shear
B. Infection
C. Home environment
D. Finances
E. Medications
ANS: A.
The Braden Scale is a highly reliable scale that uses six subscales to identify patients at
greatest risk for pressure ulcers: sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility,
nutrition, and friction and shear. The Braden Scale is used to assess a client’s risk for
developing a pressure ulcer. This scale assesses the areas of sensory perception,
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