CITP Test 5 All Answers Correct!

CITP Test 5 All Answers Correct! What are the effects of an explosion? Blast Pressure Effect Fragmentation Effect Thermal Effect T/F: Thermal effecs are generally the most damaging of the three primary effects? Fragmentation is usually the most damaging. What is important to know about thermal effect high explosives? False; They produce higher temperature thermal effects but for a shorter duration. What is important to know about thermal effect low explosives? temperature thermal effects but for a longer duration. What is the blast pressure effect? They produce lower When very hot gases are formed in approximately 1/10,000 of a second expand out from the point of detonation at supersonic velocities, up to 20,000 mph. What are the two distinct phases of the blast pressure effect? Phase. The Positive Phase and Negative T/F: The negative phase is typically three times longer than the positive phase but less intense. True. The four types of injuries sustained during a blast are: upon the body Secondary Blast Injury: Propelled fragmentation Primary Blast Injury: Direct effects of blast Tertiary Blast Injury: Casualty's body is propelled against a stationary object Qauternary Blast Injury: Being crushed or burns. Secondary Blast ___________ blast injury is the most common cause of death in explosions. Injury (Fragmentation) IED's may have precut/preformed objects (ie ball bearings, hexagonal nuts, nails, etc) placed within or along the device to serve what purpose? To form fragmentation when the IED detonates. What is primary fragmentation? What is secondary fragmentation? Fragments produced by the IED or explosive container. Object propelled from around the detonation point, and fractured pieces of the intended target that become lethal missiles. IED's generally consist of what four components? Initiator Explosive Switch (PIES) Also may be a fifth - the container. Examples of power source for an IED? Power source Batteries (electric) Coiled Spring(mechanical) Flame(Heat). Examples of initiators for an IED? Spark Plug Photographic Flash Bulb Automobile Light Bulb Trick Birthday Candles Matches Examples of explosives for an IED? Pyrodex Blasting Caps Black Powder Smokeless Powder Maglite High explosives are subdivided into three explosive classes, differentiated by sensitivity, what are they? Primary, Secondary, Tertiary or Blasting Agents. Primary explosives are extremely sensitive to what? Secondary explosives (also called base explosives) are Mechanical shock, friction and heat. ______________________________________________________ to prevent unintended explosions. relatively insensitive to heat, shock and friction T/F: Tertiary explosives are insensitive to shock and they cannot be reliably detonated with practical quantities of primary explosive and require a secondary explosive. True T/F: Only one switch may be used to arm and initiate the device. False; More than one switch may be used to arm and initiate the device, providing redundancy and increasing reliability in the firing circuit. The list of IED switches is endless with the complexity and sophistication limited only by the designers ingenuity. Some of the encountered commercially manufactured switches include: Micro-switch Passive Infrared Mercury Cellphones etc. There are three primary IED methods of initiation: Victim Operated or Booby Trap Command What is the purpose of timed initiation? Timed To function after a present delay, allowing the bomber to safely transport the IED and make their escape, or to target a specific time of the day. Examples of timed initiators? mechanical timers fuses melting ice dried beans dripping water Most victim operated IED's require what? Examples of victim operated IED's are... proximity, electronic switches Command initiated IED's allow what? Movement by the victim. pull or trip, pressure, movement-sensitive, light sensitive, The enemy to choose the optimal moment for initiation. The most commons types of command initiated methods are... Radio Controlled (RCIEDs) Suicide Bombers fall under what category of method of initiation? T/F: A bomb attached to a vehicle is a Vehicle Borne IED Command Wire (CWIEDs) Command Initiation False; VBIED is where the vehicle involved forms an integral part of the IED. What are the two primary differences between an IED and a VBIED? vehicle. There are three primary VBIED methods of initiation... Command Suicide Timed Nearly 50% of VBIED's are time-initiated, the time delay is generally... Instructor said: 6 minutes the size of the device and the Book says: 10-15 minutes Most suicide VBIED's use _____________ assault to access the target. high speed SVBIEDs are known to employ _____________________ sometimes called "c