BOTA 422
LECTURE 6: Molecular Evolution
DR. BENSON O. NYONGESA
02/18/2024
, Molecular Evolution
Definition:
• Evolutionary change at the level of the DNA sequence.
Deals with the rates of sequence change, relative importanc
adaptive and neutral changes, and changes in genome struct
02/18/2024
, Terms in molecular Evolution
• Speciation: Evolution of a new gene/protein that is genetica
independent of the ancestral gene from which it arose.
• Homolog: A gene/protein related to a second gene/protein by
descent from a common ancestral gene by speciation.
• Ortholog: Genes in different species that have evolved throu
speciation events only and retain same function.
• How do you determine if a gene is ortholog?
By collecting all the genes in the two species and comparing
all to one another.
If genes from the 2 species identify each other as their partne
then they are considered orthologs.
02/18/2024
LECTURE 6: Molecular Evolution
DR. BENSON O. NYONGESA
02/18/2024
, Molecular Evolution
Definition:
• Evolutionary change at the level of the DNA sequence.
Deals with the rates of sequence change, relative importanc
adaptive and neutral changes, and changes in genome struct
02/18/2024
, Terms in molecular Evolution
• Speciation: Evolution of a new gene/protein that is genetica
independent of the ancestral gene from which it arose.
• Homolog: A gene/protein related to a second gene/protein by
descent from a common ancestral gene by speciation.
• Ortholog: Genes in different species that have evolved throu
speciation events only and retain same function.
• How do you determine if a gene is ortholog?
By collecting all the genes in the two species and comparing
all to one another.
If genes from the 2 species identify each other as their partne
then they are considered orthologs.
02/18/2024
