BIOD 121 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM
ALL 150 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
What is secondary growth? - ANSWER>>Growth in diameter
The secondary plant body consists of the tissues produced by the vascular cambium
and cork cambium
Characteristic of gymnosperms
Secondary xylem accumulates as what? - ANSWER>>Wood, and consists of cells that
carry or carried water, and fibers.
What is the most inclusive category of classification? - ANSWER>>Domain
What cells are smaller than the cells of your body and lack nuclei? -
ANSWER>>Prokaryotic cells
What results when there is differential success in survival and reproduction? -
ANSWER>>Evolution
What are specialized membrane-bound compartments? - ANSWER>>Organelles
What is a community? - ANSWER>>Different species living together
What are polar covalent bonds? - ANSWER>>The chemical bonds in a water molecule
between oxygen and hydrogen
What is nitrogen fixation? - ANSWER>>Conversion by bacteria, bacteria that may be on
the roots of legumes, of a common component of the air into something useful to
organisms
What is one of the several eukaryotic kingdoms? - ANSWER>>Fungi
What is composting? - ANSWER>>The stacking up of plant scraps, when you let them
rot, and then use the material in the soil around veggies and/or flowers
What is an example of science moving forward as a result of a surprise, a discovery that
a researcher was not looking for? - ANSWER>>The discovery of amino acids was a
surprise to scientists as they were combining organic molecules found in the
surroundings and amino acids formed as a result, proving that they occur
spontaneously
,If you were to design an experiment testing the benefit of a vitamin, half of the
participants would be given the vitamin and the _____ group would be given ______ -
ANSWER>>Control & placebo
How does science differ from art, religion and philosophy? - ANSWER>>By limiting its
inquiry to the observable and measurable
Consider this segment of a food web: snails and grasshoppers eat tomato plants;
spiders eat grasshoppers; shrews eat snails and spiders; owls eat shrews.
The shrew occupies what trophic level? - ANSWER>>Secondary and tertiary consumer
What are three functions of proteins? - ANSWER>>Movement (work horses of life)
Oxygen carrying
Structure
What are the main decomposers in an ecosystem? - ANSWER>>Fungi & bacteria
There is mercury in seafood. The seafood having the highest concentrations of mercury
are where in the food chain? - ANSWER>>At the top of the food chain
What is one lesson from the pyramid of numbers? - ANSWER>>Eating grain-fed beef is
an inefficient means of obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis
What is a population? - ANSWER>>The members of one species that inhabit a
particular area at a given time
How does carbon in the air get into organic molecules? - ANSWER>>Photosynthesis
If the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere was 300 parts per million (ppm) in 1950 and
will be 400 ppm in the year 2020, what percent increase will have taken place?
And what is the formula to determine this? - ANSWER>>Formula: difference/original x
100
100/300 x 100 = 33
What are two ways that carbon is released into the atmosphere? - ANSWER>>1.
Cellular respiration
2. Burning of wood & fossil fuels
What is noteworthy or interesting about the nitrogen cycle? - ANSWER>>The nitrogen
cycle begins with living organisms and their organic states & decomposers break those
organisms down once they are dead to turn the nitrogen in them to an inorganic state.
Finally, plants take up that nitrogen & return it to an organic state
, Morphine can dock on a brain receptor normally serving as a dock for a natural brain
chemical named endorphin. This best demonstrates what? - ANSWER>>That shape
determines how biological molecules recognize and respond to one another
What is one calorie? - ANSWER>>The amount of heat energy necessary to raise the
temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 1 degree Celsius
Name a chemical functional group - ANSWER>>Hydroxyl OH
Amino NH3
What are the four major groups of large organic molecules? -
ANSWER>>Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
How many molecules of water are needed to completely breakdown a polymer that is 8
monomers long? - ANSWER>>One molecule less than there are monomers. In this
case, 7 molecules
Name a disaccharide or name a monosaccharide - ANSWER>>Disaccharide: lactose-
milk sugar
Name the storage polysaccharide of plants or the storage polysaccharide of animals -
ANSWER>>Plants: starch
Animals: glycogen
What is the main idea of using DNA or proteins as "tape measures" of evolution? -
ANSWER>>DNA and proteins are very long and coiled and if unwound could resemble
a tape measure. Each amino acid would indicate similarities between organisms over
time and creates a lineage of which organisms are closely related to. In which, humans
and gorillas are only one amino acid different which tells us that we are not that distantly
related in evolutionary time
What kinds of bonds do animal lipids have? - ANSWER>>Single bonds
What kinds of bonds do plant lipids have? - ANSWER>>Double bonds
Are animal lipids predominantly saturated or unsaturated? - ANSWER>>Predominantly
saturated
Are plant lipids predominantly saturated or unsaturated? - ANSWER>>Predominantly
unsaturated
ALL 150 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+
What is secondary growth? - ANSWER>>Growth in diameter
The secondary plant body consists of the tissues produced by the vascular cambium
and cork cambium
Characteristic of gymnosperms
Secondary xylem accumulates as what? - ANSWER>>Wood, and consists of cells that
carry or carried water, and fibers.
What is the most inclusive category of classification? - ANSWER>>Domain
What cells are smaller than the cells of your body and lack nuclei? -
ANSWER>>Prokaryotic cells
What results when there is differential success in survival and reproduction? -
ANSWER>>Evolution
What are specialized membrane-bound compartments? - ANSWER>>Organelles
What is a community? - ANSWER>>Different species living together
What are polar covalent bonds? - ANSWER>>The chemical bonds in a water molecule
between oxygen and hydrogen
What is nitrogen fixation? - ANSWER>>Conversion by bacteria, bacteria that may be on
the roots of legumes, of a common component of the air into something useful to
organisms
What is one of the several eukaryotic kingdoms? - ANSWER>>Fungi
What is composting? - ANSWER>>The stacking up of plant scraps, when you let them
rot, and then use the material in the soil around veggies and/or flowers
What is an example of science moving forward as a result of a surprise, a discovery that
a researcher was not looking for? - ANSWER>>The discovery of amino acids was a
surprise to scientists as they were combining organic molecules found in the
surroundings and amino acids formed as a result, proving that they occur
spontaneously
,If you were to design an experiment testing the benefit of a vitamin, half of the
participants would be given the vitamin and the _____ group would be given ______ -
ANSWER>>Control & placebo
How does science differ from art, religion and philosophy? - ANSWER>>By limiting its
inquiry to the observable and measurable
Consider this segment of a food web: snails and grasshoppers eat tomato plants;
spiders eat grasshoppers; shrews eat snails and spiders; owls eat shrews.
The shrew occupies what trophic level? - ANSWER>>Secondary and tertiary consumer
What are three functions of proteins? - ANSWER>>Movement (work horses of life)
Oxygen carrying
Structure
What are the main decomposers in an ecosystem? - ANSWER>>Fungi & bacteria
There is mercury in seafood. The seafood having the highest concentrations of mercury
are where in the food chain? - ANSWER>>At the top of the food chain
What is one lesson from the pyramid of numbers? - ANSWER>>Eating grain-fed beef is
an inefficient means of obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis
What is a population? - ANSWER>>The members of one species that inhabit a
particular area at a given time
How does carbon in the air get into organic molecules? - ANSWER>>Photosynthesis
If the CO2 concentration of the atmosphere was 300 parts per million (ppm) in 1950 and
will be 400 ppm in the year 2020, what percent increase will have taken place?
And what is the formula to determine this? - ANSWER>>Formula: difference/original x
100
100/300 x 100 = 33
What are two ways that carbon is released into the atmosphere? - ANSWER>>1.
Cellular respiration
2. Burning of wood & fossil fuels
What is noteworthy or interesting about the nitrogen cycle? - ANSWER>>The nitrogen
cycle begins with living organisms and their organic states & decomposers break those
organisms down once they are dead to turn the nitrogen in them to an inorganic state.
Finally, plants take up that nitrogen & return it to an organic state
, Morphine can dock on a brain receptor normally serving as a dock for a natural brain
chemical named endorphin. This best demonstrates what? - ANSWER>>That shape
determines how biological molecules recognize and respond to one another
What is one calorie? - ANSWER>>The amount of heat energy necessary to raise the
temperature of 1 gram of liquid water by 1 degree Celsius
Name a chemical functional group - ANSWER>>Hydroxyl OH
Amino NH3
What are the four major groups of large organic molecules? -
ANSWER>>Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
How many molecules of water are needed to completely breakdown a polymer that is 8
monomers long? - ANSWER>>One molecule less than there are monomers. In this
case, 7 molecules
Name a disaccharide or name a monosaccharide - ANSWER>>Disaccharide: lactose-
milk sugar
Name the storage polysaccharide of plants or the storage polysaccharide of animals -
ANSWER>>Plants: starch
Animals: glycogen
What is the main idea of using DNA or proteins as "tape measures" of evolution? -
ANSWER>>DNA and proteins are very long and coiled and if unwound could resemble
a tape measure. Each amino acid would indicate similarities between organisms over
time and creates a lineage of which organisms are closely related to. In which, humans
and gorillas are only one amino acid different which tells us that we are not that distantly
related in evolutionary time
What kinds of bonds do animal lipids have? - ANSWER>>Single bonds
What kinds of bonds do plant lipids have? - ANSWER>>Double bonds
Are animal lipids predominantly saturated or unsaturated? - ANSWER>>Predominantly
saturated
Are plant lipids predominantly saturated or unsaturated? - ANSWER>>Predominantly
unsaturated
