ISSA NUTRITIONIST
CERTIFICATION
9 Modules
Q&A
2024
,MICRONUTRIENTS & MACRONUTRIENTS
1. A 25-year-old female athlete wants to increase her
muscle mass and strength. She follows a balanced diet that
provides 50% of her calories from carbohydrates, 25%
from protein and 25% from fat. She exercises for an hour
every day, alternating between aerobic and resistance
training. What is the recommended amount of protein
intake for her per day?
a) 0.8 g/kg of body weight.
b) 1.2 g/kg of body weight.
c) 1.6 g/kg of body weight.*
d) 2.0 g/kg of body weight.
Rationale: According to the International Society of Sports
Nutrition, athletes who engage in resistance training may
benefit from consuming 1.2 to 2.0 g of protein per kg of
body weight per day, depending on their training intensity,
frequency and duration. For a female athlete who wants to
increase her muscle mass and strength, the optimal range is
likely to be closer to the upper end of this spectrum, around
1.6 g/kg of body weight per day. This amount of protein
intake can help stimulate muscle protein synthesis, prevent
muscle breakdown and support recovery . Therefore,
option c is the correct answer.
2. A 40-year-old male office worker has been diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes mellitus. He is overweight and has a
family history of cardiovascular disease. His doctor has
advised him to follow a low-carbohydrate diet that limits
his intake of refined grains, added sugars and starchy
,vegetables. Which of the following foods is the best source
of complex carbohydrates that can help him control his
blood glucose levels and lower his risk of cardiovascular
disease?
a) White bread.
b) Corn flakes.
c) Oatmeal.*
d) French fries.
Rationale: Complex carbohydrates are composed of long
chains of glucose molecules that are linked together by
glycosidic bonds. They are found in foods such as whole
grains, legumes, fruits and vegetables. Complex
carbohydrates have several advantages over simple
carbohydrates, which are composed of one or two glucose
molecules and are found in foods such as refined grains,
added sugars and processed foods. Complex carbohydrates
take longer to digest and absorb, which helps regulate
blood glucose levels and prevent spikes and crashes.
Complex carbohydrates also provide dietary fiber, which
can lower cholesterol levels, improve bowel function and
promote satiety. Oatmeal is an example of a complex
carbohydrate that is rich in soluble fiber, which can reduce
the absorption of glucose and cholesterol in the intestine.
Therefore, option c is the best answer.
3. A 60-year-old female retiree has been suffering from
osteoporosis for the past five years. She has a history of
lactose intolerance and avoids dairy products. She takes
calcium supplements regularly but her bone mineral
, density has not improved significantly. What other
micronutrient should she consider supplementing to
enhance her calcium absorption and bone health?
a) Iron.
b) Zinc.
c) Vitamin D.*
d) Vitamin C.
Rationale: Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a
crucial role in calcium metabolism and bone health.
Vitamin D can be synthesized in the skin from exposure to
sunlight or obtained from dietary sources such as fatty fish,
egg yolks and fortified foods. Vitamin D acts as a hormone
that regulates the absorption of calcium from the intestine,
the reabsorption of calcium from the kidney and the
mobilization of calcium from the bone. Vitamin D
deficiency can impair calcium absorption and lead to
osteomalacia in adults, which is characterized by softening
and weakening of the bones. Therefore, option c is the
correct answer.
4. A 35-year-old male vegan has been experiencing fatigue,
weakness and shortness of breath for the past few months.
He follows a strict plant-based diet that excludes all animal
products. He consumes a variety of fruits, vegetables,
grains, nuts and seeds but does not take any supplements.
His blood test results show that he has iron-deficiency
anemia. What is the most likely cause of his condition?
a) He does not consume enough iron-rich foods.
b) He does not consume enough vitamin C-rich foods.
CERTIFICATION
9 Modules
Q&A
2024
,MICRONUTRIENTS & MACRONUTRIENTS
1. A 25-year-old female athlete wants to increase her
muscle mass and strength. She follows a balanced diet that
provides 50% of her calories from carbohydrates, 25%
from protein and 25% from fat. She exercises for an hour
every day, alternating between aerobic and resistance
training. What is the recommended amount of protein
intake for her per day?
a) 0.8 g/kg of body weight.
b) 1.2 g/kg of body weight.
c) 1.6 g/kg of body weight.*
d) 2.0 g/kg of body weight.
Rationale: According to the International Society of Sports
Nutrition, athletes who engage in resistance training may
benefit from consuming 1.2 to 2.0 g of protein per kg of
body weight per day, depending on their training intensity,
frequency and duration. For a female athlete who wants to
increase her muscle mass and strength, the optimal range is
likely to be closer to the upper end of this spectrum, around
1.6 g/kg of body weight per day. This amount of protein
intake can help stimulate muscle protein synthesis, prevent
muscle breakdown and support recovery . Therefore,
option c is the correct answer.
2. A 40-year-old male office worker has been diagnosed
with type 2 diabetes mellitus. He is overweight and has a
family history of cardiovascular disease. His doctor has
advised him to follow a low-carbohydrate diet that limits
his intake of refined grains, added sugars and starchy
,vegetables. Which of the following foods is the best source
of complex carbohydrates that can help him control his
blood glucose levels and lower his risk of cardiovascular
disease?
a) White bread.
b) Corn flakes.
c) Oatmeal.*
d) French fries.
Rationale: Complex carbohydrates are composed of long
chains of glucose molecules that are linked together by
glycosidic bonds. They are found in foods such as whole
grains, legumes, fruits and vegetables. Complex
carbohydrates have several advantages over simple
carbohydrates, which are composed of one or two glucose
molecules and are found in foods such as refined grains,
added sugars and processed foods. Complex carbohydrates
take longer to digest and absorb, which helps regulate
blood glucose levels and prevent spikes and crashes.
Complex carbohydrates also provide dietary fiber, which
can lower cholesterol levels, improve bowel function and
promote satiety. Oatmeal is an example of a complex
carbohydrate that is rich in soluble fiber, which can reduce
the absorption of glucose and cholesterol in the intestine.
Therefore, option c is the best answer.
3. A 60-year-old female retiree has been suffering from
osteoporosis for the past five years. She has a history of
lactose intolerance and avoids dairy products. She takes
calcium supplements regularly but her bone mineral
, density has not improved significantly. What other
micronutrient should she consider supplementing to
enhance her calcium absorption and bone health?
a) Iron.
b) Zinc.
c) Vitamin D.*
d) Vitamin C.
Rationale: Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a
crucial role in calcium metabolism and bone health.
Vitamin D can be synthesized in the skin from exposure to
sunlight or obtained from dietary sources such as fatty fish,
egg yolks and fortified foods. Vitamin D acts as a hormone
that regulates the absorption of calcium from the intestine,
the reabsorption of calcium from the kidney and the
mobilization of calcium from the bone. Vitamin D
deficiency can impair calcium absorption and lead to
osteomalacia in adults, which is characterized by softening
and weakening of the bones. Therefore, option c is the
correct answer.
4. A 35-year-old male vegan has been experiencing fatigue,
weakness and shortness of breath for the past few months.
He follows a strict plant-based diet that excludes all animal
products. He consumes a variety of fruits, vegetables,
grains, nuts and seeds but does not take any supplements.
His blood test results show that he has iron-deficiency
anemia. What is the most likely cause of his condition?
a) He does not consume enough iron-rich foods.
b) He does not consume enough vitamin C-rich foods.
