NR 328 Exam #1
Which topics should the nurse discuss with the parents of a young child to promote health in their child?
a. Dental care needs to be started by age 7.
b. Immunization schedule and the importance of immunizations.
c. Human milk or iron fortified formula for the first 4 months of life.
d. Positioning the car seat in the front passenger seat.
Answer: B
Rationale: Immunizations have made a major impact in the prevention of disease in children. The nurse
should review individual immunization records at every clinic visit, avoid missing opportunities to
vaccinate, and encourage parents to keep immunizations current. Dental caries is the single most
common chronic disease of childhood and may begin before the first birthday. Human milk or iron
fortified formula for should be given for the first year of life to prevent Iron Deficiency anemia. Children
younger than 1 year of age have the highest rate of death from motor vehicle accidents, primarily from a
failure to properly use car restraints.
What is the leading cause of death in children older than the age of 1 year?
a. Drowning
b. Burns
c. Motor vehicle accidents
,d. Cancer
Answer(s): C
Rationale: a. Drowning is the second leading cause of death in children older than the age of 1 year. b.
Burns cause fewer deaths than motor vehicle accidents in children older than the age of 1 year. c. Motor
vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death in children older than the age of 1 year. d. Cancer causes
fewer deaths than motor vehicle accidents in children older than the age of 1 year.
The nurse makes sure that a toddler has a teddy bear and that a nightlight is on in the hospital room at
bedtime. What concept would these nursing actions demonstrate?
a. Atraumatic care
b. Nonmaleficence
c. Justice
d. Advocacy
Answer(s): A
Rationale: A. Atraumatic care is the provision of therapeutic care in settings, by personnel, and through
the use of interventions that eliminate or minimize the psychological and physical distress experienced
by children and their families in the health care system. In this case, it is making sure that the toddler has
a teddy bear and that a night light is on to prevent a dark environment. B. Nonmaleficence is the
obligation to minimize or prevent harm; there is no situation present that would require this. C. Justice is
the concept of fairness and is not applicable to this situation. D. Advocacy involves ensuring that families
are aware of all available health services, adequately informed of treatments and procedures, involved in
the child’s care, and encouraged to change or support existing health care practices.
,True or False: Open ended questions are most likely to encourage parents to talk about their feelings r/t
their child's illness.
True
When the nurse interviews an adolescent, what is important to help establish a relationship?
a. Use the same type of language as the adolescent.
b. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained.
c. Focus the discussion on the peer group.
d. Display a genuine interest in the adolescent.
Answer: D.
Rationale: Display a genuine interest in the adolescent.Adolescents accept anyone who shows a genuine
interest in them. Although peers are important to this age-group, the focus of the interview should be on
the adolescent. The nurse should clarify which information will be shared with other members of the
health care team and any limits to confidentiality. The nurse should maintain a professional relationship
with adolescents. To avoid misinterpretation of words and phrases that the adolescent may use, the
nurse should clarify terms frequently.
What approach is the most appropriate when performing a physical assessment on a toddler?
, a. Demonstrate use of equipment.
b. Perform traumatic procedures first.
c. Use minimum physical contact initially.
d. Always proceed in a head-to-toe direction.
Answer: C.
Rationale: Parents can remove clothing, and the child can remain on the parent’s lap. The nurse should
use minimum physical contact initially to gain the cooperation of the child. The nurse should introduce
the equipment slowly. The child can inspect the equipment, but demonstrations are usually too complex
for this age-group. Traumatic procedures should always be performed last. These will most likely upset
the child and inhibit cooperation. The head-to-toe assessment can be done in older children but usually
must be adapted in younger children.
What is the most consistent and commonly used indicator of pain in infants?
a. Thrashing of arms and legs.
b. Increased heart rate.
c. Increased respirations.
d. Facial expression of discomfort.
Which topics should the nurse discuss with the parents of a young child to promote health in their child?
a. Dental care needs to be started by age 7.
b. Immunization schedule and the importance of immunizations.
c. Human milk or iron fortified formula for the first 4 months of life.
d. Positioning the car seat in the front passenger seat.
Answer: B
Rationale: Immunizations have made a major impact in the prevention of disease in children. The nurse
should review individual immunization records at every clinic visit, avoid missing opportunities to
vaccinate, and encourage parents to keep immunizations current. Dental caries is the single most
common chronic disease of childhood and may begin before the first birthday. Human milk or iron
fortified formula for should be given for the first year of life to prevent Iron Deficiency anemia. Children
younger than 1 year of age have the highest rate of death from motor vehicle accidents, primarily from a
failure to properly use car restraints.
What is the leading cause of death in children older than the age of 1 year?
a. Drowning
b. Burns
c. Motor vehicle accidents
,d. Cancer
Answer(s): C
Rationale: a. Drowning is the second leading cause of death in children older than the age of 1 year. b.
Burns cause fewer deaths than motor vehicle accidents in children older than the age of 1 year. c. Motor
vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death in children older than the age of 1 year. d. Cancer causes
fewer deaths than motor vehicle accidents in children older than the age of 1 year.
The nurse makes sure that a toddler has a teddy bear and that a nightlight is on in the hospital room at
bedtime. What concept would these nursing actions demonstrate?
a. Atraumatic care
b. Nonmaleficence
c. Justice
d. Advocacy
Answer(s): A
Rationale: A. Atraumatic care is the provision of therapeutic care in settings, by personnel, and through
the use of interventions that eliminate or minimize the psychological and physical distress experienced
by children and their families in the health care system. In this case, it is making sure that the toddler has
a teddy bear and that a night light is on to prevent a dark environment. B. Nonmaleficence is the
obligation to minimize or prevent harm; there is no situation present that would require this. C. Justice is
the concept of fairness and is not applicable to this situation. D. Advocacy involves ensuring that families
are aware of all available health services, adequately informed of treatments and procedures, involved in
the child’s care, and encouraged to change or support existing health care practices.
,True or False: Open ended questions are most likely to encourage parents to talk about their feelings r/t
their child's illness.
True
When the nurse interviews an adolescent, what is important to help establish a relationship?
a. Use the same type of language as the adolescent.
b. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained.
c. Focus the discussion on the peer group.
d. Display a genuine interest in the adolescent.
Answer: D.
Rationale: Display a genuine interest in the adolescent.Adolescents accept anyone who shows a genuine
interest in them. Although peers are important to this age-group, the focus of the interview should be on
the adolescent. The nurse should clarify which information will be shared with other members of the
health care team and any limits to confidentiality. The nurse should maintain a professional relationship
with adolescents. To avoid misinterpretation of words and phrases that the adolescent may use, the
nurse should clarify terms frequently.
What approach is the most appropriate when performing a physical assessment on a toddler?
, a. Demonstrate use of equipment.
b. Perform traumatic procedures first.
c. Use minimum physical contact initially.
d. Always proceed in a head-to-toe direction.
Answer: C.
Rationale: Parents can remove clothing, and the child can remain on the parent’s lap. The nurse should
use minimum physical contact initially to gain the cooperation of the child. The nurse should introduce
the equipment slowly. The child can inspect the equipment, but demonstrations are usually too complex
for this age-group. Traumatic procedures should always be performed last. These will most likely upset
the child and inhibit cooperation. The head-to-toe assessment can be done in older children but usually
must be adapted in younger children.
What is the most consistent and commonly used indicator of pain in infants?
a. Thrashing of arms and legs.
b. Increased heart rate.
c. Increased respirations.
d. Facial expression of discomfort.
