LATEST Infection Prevention and Control 2024 Updated Exam

What percentage of the time do health care workers wash their hands? - ANSWER- 50% Which health care workers are the least compliant to hand washing etc? - ANSWER- physicians (AKA Justin Chu ;-) ) What percentage of health care workers get their influenza vaccine? - ANSWER- 40% What is the goal of infection prevention and control? - ANSWER- prevent and control acquisition of infectious agents by patients and staff; New attitude Zero tolerance for healthcare associated infection A set of practices when completed 100% of the time for each patient will significantly reduce a preventable condition - ANSWER- Bundling Concept What is included in the ventilator bundle? - ANSWER- -HOB -DVT prophylaxis -appropriate sedation -peptic ulcer disease prophylaxis -RN/RT driven weaning protocol -subglottic suctioning -mouthcare What is included in the central line bundle? - ANSWER- -Full sterile drape -hand hygiene -CHG skin antispetics -line location -assess daily for need -Remove as soon as no longer needed What is included in the surgical site infection protocol? - ANSWER- -correct antibiotics -at the right time -only for 24 hours -don't use razors to remove hair -Glucose control (open heart procedures) -Normothermia (colon procedure) If you have your certification for board of infection control, when must you recertify? - ANSWER- every 5 years by proctored exam or self assessment re certification exam What are the responsibilities of a healthcare providers with respect to infection control? - ANSWER- -conduct surveillance -analysis of surveillance -investigate outbreaks/exposures -Develop educational programs -assure compliance -monitor patient health care practices -develop/review policies -improve patient outcomes -reporting internally & externally -**medicare required reporting Which healthcare settings should have a basic infection prevention and control processes that includes protecting patients as well employees? - ANSWER- ALL healthcare settings -the extent depends on the type of setting Acute care hospitals should have at least ___ to ___ Full time for every 100 to 115 occupied beds - ANSWER- 0.8 to 1 Name a few Governmental agencies involved with infection control - ANSWER- -CDC -OSHA -EPA -PHS -CMS (no payment for certain events) -ODH Name a few non governmental agencies involves with infection control - ANSWER- - Joint Commission -APIC -Professional Association -Other Accrediting Agencies (ACS, ABA, CARF) Name three things that contribute to transmission of infection - ANSWER- 1. Source 2. Means of Transmission 3. Susceptible Host What are some sources to transmission of infection? - ANSWER- -Human beings (pt, visitor, staff) -Environment (Pt care equipment, water, food, drugs, air) Name 5 means of transmission for infection? - ANSWER- -Contact (direct & indirect) -Droplet -Airborne -Vehicle (inanimate ex food or water) -Vector (something that is alive--mosquitoes) What are some factors the increase the susceptibility of a host? - ANSWER- -underlying disease -Use of antibiotics -Immunosupressive Therapy -Irradiation Therapy -Age -Other, stress! Which organization played a pivotal role in the evolution of the Isolation System? - ANSWER- CDC In 1991, what did OSHA contribute to the evolution of Isolation Systems? - ANSWER- Final Bloodbourne Pathogen Rule When were the latest CDC guideline implications for standard precautions for isolation systems? - ANSWER- 2007 What is do the standard precautions apply to? - ANSWER- -applies to ALL pts -Blood and all moist body substances -Muscous membranes -Non-intact skin Name a few standard precautions related to healthcare equipment - ANSWER- -Hand Hygiene -gloves -gown, mask, eye protection -patient placement -patient care equipment -environment -linen, trash, food trays Used in addition to standard precautions and designed for all patients with documented or suspected epidemiology significant organisms, highly transmissible or airborne transmissible organisms - ANSWER- Transmission based precautions Name the three categories for transmission based precautions - ANSWER- 1. Contact 2. Droplet 3. Airborne prevent spread of serious illness easily transmitted by direct pt contact or contact with items in pts environment - ANSWER- Contact precaution What are examples of situations where contact precautions are used? - ANSWER- - drug resistant organisms--MRSA & VRE -Major wounds/absesses