CRITICAL CARE HESI HINTS (Answered) Graded A+

CRITICAL CARE HESI HINTS (Answered) Graded A+ an unexpected, catastrophic pulmonary complication with no previous pulmonary problems ARDS ARDS mortality rate: 50% (high) interventions to prevent complications of vented patients with ARDS: elevate HOB to at least 30 degrees sedation vacations strict oral hygiene implement mobilization program increased risk and mortality rate from ARDS in individuals who have a history of _____________ alcohol abuse suction only when ______________ secretions are present before drawing a sample for ABGs from the radial artery, perform the ___________ to assess collateral circulation allen test infants and young adults __________ during expiration as respiratory distress begins; this is how the body attempts to create a form of PEEP grunts a child in severe distress should be on what percent oxygen? 100 signifies respiratory failure: PCO2 greater than 45 PO2 less than 60 ((ON 50% OXYGEN)) three most common symptoms of respiratory failure: dyspnea/tachypnea intercostal and sternal retractions cyanosis early signs of shock: agitation and restlessness (from cerebral hypoxia) all types of shock can lead to ___________ and result in ____________ SIRS MODS if cardiogenic shock exists in the presence of pulmonary edema (i.e., from pump failure), how should you position the client to REDUCE venous return? high-fowler with legs down IABP balloon should inflate during __________ diastole (P wave spike on ECG) monitor IABP tubing for what? blood backup all vasopressor and vasodilator drugs are potent and dangerous and require ______________ titration most common type of shock hypovolemic drug used for the treatment of DIC heparin lab values for DIC PT & PTT prolonged decreased platelets how to correct acidosis: increase ventilation first drug used for an in-hospital cardiac arrest: epinephrine a patient in cardiac arrest is noted on the bedside monitor to be in pulseless v tach. what is the first action that should be taken? defibrillate hyperosmolar solution that should be administered IV: dextrose 10% isotonic solution used for irrigation with intermittent IV medication normal saline use only __________ solutions in irrigations (bladder irrigation, IV flushes, etc.) isotonic lab value directly related to the metabolic function of the liver and the excretory function of the kidneys BUN in fluid volume deficit, urine osmolality and specific gravity ___________ increase a low _______ level often accompanies a low K+, especially with the use of diuretics magnesium if an IV catheter is suspected as the causative factor of sepsis, ensure that the tip of the removed catheter is: placed in a sterile container to be sent down to the lab for culture, along with the ordered blood cultures if defibrillation occurs during the ___ wave, the heart can be thrust into a life-threatening dysrhythmia T (ventricular repolarization/rest) most important data nurse can collect on a patient with an arrhythmia: how they are tolerating it wave that represents depolarization of the atria P wave represents depolarization of the ventricle QRS complex T wave depression and U wave elevation hypokalemia T wave elevation and U wave depression hyperkalemia separation of wound edges more likely to occur with vertical incisions dehiscence protrusion of intestinal contents in an abdominal wound evisceration patient position in immediate post-op period: usually on the side or with the head to the side to prevent aspiration of emesis HIV clients with _______ require respiratory isolation tuberculosis recommended that caregivers who are pregnant not provide care for patients with: CMV side effects of amphotericin: anorexia chills cramping muscle and joint pain circulatory problems antidote for narcotic-induced respiratory depression: narcan (naloxone) preferred narcotic in pain management: morphine do not take away the _____________ used in a crisis state coping style do not challenge a patient's ___________ unless it hinders/blocks treatment or endangers the patient denial normal CD4 count 600-1200 AIDS level CD4 count: less than 200 chest tube disconnects from water seal chamber. what do you do?