PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 RASMUSSEN NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 250 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

PHARMACOLOGY EXAM 1 RASMUSSEN NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 250 QU ESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ What is Pharmaceutics - ...ANSWER... Pharmaceutics: applies only to ta blets or capsules given by mouth (PO). process in which the tablet or capsule becomes a solution, so that it can cross the biologic membrane, of the stomach or small intestine. Drugs generally disintegrate and are absorbed faster in what? - ...ANSWER... very acidic fluids. Very Old and very young people have less gastric acidity so... What is the result? - ...ANSWER... Lower/slower absorption > Drug in the system longer If a drug is enteric coated and meant to be absorbed in where? what would happen if yo u crushed it before taking it? - ...ANSWER... Small intestine, Absorbed in stomach Pharmacokinetic Phase: - ...ANSWER... this is the process of drug movement to achieve drug action. Sometimes referred to as what the body does to the drug. 4 processes: Abso rption, Distribution, Metabolism (Biotransformation), Excretion (Elimination) Protein bound drugs are destroyed by? - ...ANSWER... digestive enzymes Insulin is a protein bound drug, so CANNOT be given by which route? - ...ANSWER... Oral Absorption - Drugs absorbed most easily are? - ...ANSWER ...Fat soluble and Non -Ionized First Pass effect is what? - ...ANSWER... The liver can inactivate or change drugs into different forms. Bioavailability is what - ...ANSWER... the percentage of the admi nistered dose that reaches systemic circulation Bioavailability for IV administered drugs is what % - ...ANSWER... 100%, why? Direct bloodstream/vein contact After a pill is taken by mouth what organ has a major impact on its bioavailability - ...ANSWER.. .Absorption - most oral drugs are absorbed through the action of mucosal villi in the small intestine. If the villi are damaged by disease or surgical intervention, the absorption of the drug is delayed or does not occur. High fat foods increase what? - ...ANSWER... absorption time Exercise can decrease drug absorption because: - ...ANSWER... blood flow is in peripheral muscles instead of GI tract Protein binding is what? - ...ANSWER... Protein Binding - As drugs circulate in the blood and plasma, some of the m have a high affinity for binding to the plasma proteins. Drugs that are stuck onto the proteins, aren't free to go to their target receptor sites and do their jobs. If a patient is on two drugs that are both strongly protein bound what happens? - ...ANS WER... They compete for binding sites on the protein, which means more free drugs will be released into active circulation, which can lead to accumulation and toxicity. The blood brain barrier is what? - ...ANSWER... Blood Brain Barrier - a filtering mechani sm of the capillaries that carry blood to the brain and spinal cord tissue, blocking the passage of certain substances.