LATEST Irene Gold Part 1 CORRECT ANSWERS SCORED A+ 2023//2024

Endoderm develops into - ANSWER 1. Organs 2. GI tract 3. Respiratory tract Paraxial mesoderm is divided into - ANSWER 1. Somatic 2. Splanchnic Somatic paraxial mesoderm develops into - ANSWER Skeletal muscle Splanchnic paraxial mesoderm develops into - ANSWER Visceral smooth muscle Intermediate mesoderm develops into - ANSWER 1. Urogenital system 2. Kidneys Lateral plate mesoderm develops into - ANSWER 1. Adrenal cortex 2. Blood and lymph cells Ectoderm is divided into - ANSWER 1. Surface ectoderm 2. Neuroectoderm Neuroectoderm develops into - ANSWER 1. Neural tube 2. Neural crest Neural tube develops into - ANSWER CNS Neural crest develops into - ANSWER Cells outside CNS Spina bifida occulta - ANSWER Non-fusion of laminae Area of hair growth over site of spina bifida occulta is known as - ANSWER Fawn's beard Vitamin that prevents spina bifida occulta - ANSWER Folic acid Folic acid is also known as - ANSWER 1. Vitamin B9 2. Methyl folate 3. Tetrahydrofolate Arnold Chiari syndrome Type 1 - ANSWER Extension of cerebellar peduncles below foramen magnum Function of cerebellar peduncles - ANSWER Connect cerebellum to brainstem Arnold Chiari syndrome Type 2 - ANSWER Type 1 + myelomeningocele Cleft palate - ANSWER Non-fusion of maxillary and palatine bones Notochord persists as - ANSWER Nucleus pulposus Sclerotomes give rise to - ANSWER Vertebrae Epimeres give rise to - ANSWER Dorsal muscles Hypomeres give rise to - ANSWER Ventral muscles When does primary ossification occur? - ANSWER Before birth When does secondary ossification occur? - ANSWER After birth Intramembranous ossification - ANSWER Conversion of mesenchyme into bone What is formed via intramembranous ossification? - ANSWER 1. Clavicle 2. Flat bones of skull Enchondral ossification - ANSWER Preformation of bone in cartilage Precursor of mouth is known as - ANSWER Stomodeum Foregut - ANSWER Back of throat to 1st third of duodenum Midgut - ANSWER Last 2/3 of duodenum to 1st 2/3 of transverse colon Hindgut - ANSWER Last 1/3 of transverse colon to anus In males, the gubernaculum becomes - ANSWER Scrotal ligament Scrotal ligament is also known as - ANSWER Gubernacular testis In females, the gubernaculum becomes - ANSWER 1. Suspensory ligament of ovary 2. Ovarian ligament 3. Round ligament Primary vesicles - ANSWER 1. Prosencephalon 2. Mesencephalon 3. Rhombencephalon Secondary vesicles of prosencephalon - ANSWER 1. Telencephalon 2. Diencephalon Secondary vesicles of rhombencephalon - ANSWER 1. Metencephalon 2. Myelencephalon Derivatives of telencephalon - ANSWER 1. Cerebral cortex 2. Basal ganglia Cranial nerves associated with telencephalon - ANSWER CN 1 Ventricle associated with telencephalon - ANSWER Lateral ventricle Derivatives of diencephalon - ANSWER Thalamus Location of pineal gland - ANSWER Epithalamus Cranial nerves associated with diencephalon - ANSWER CN 2 Ventricle associated with diencephalon - ANSWER 3rd ventricle Derivatives of mesencephalon - ANSWER Midbrain Cranial nerves associated with mesencephalon - ANSWER CN 3 and 4 Ventricle associated with mesencephalon - ANSWER Cerebral aqueduct Derivatives of metencephalon - ANSWER 1. Pons 2. Cerebellum Derivatives of myelencephalon - ANSWER Medulla Cranial nerves associated with metencephalon - ANSWER CN 5-8