WGU C190 Intro to Biology Study Guide Rated A+
1). Abiotic
Ans: Non-living, may be within or made by a living organism.
2). Biotic
Ans: Living. Matter is considered ______ if it was ever alive at some point in time
3). Atom
Ans: Smallest level. The basic unit of matter. Consists of a dense nucleus surrounded
by electrons.
4). Molecule
Ans: Second level. A chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held
together by a chemical bond.
5). Macromolecule
Ans: Third level. Biologically important molecules that are technically polymers.
Example: DNA.
6). Cell
Ans: Fourth level. The fundamental unit of life. Essentially a tiny droplet of water and
other molecules enclosed by a fluid "skin" or membrane. The smallest and simplest
entity that possesses all the characteristics of life.
7). Organelle
Ans: Fifth level. Compartments inside the cell that contain specific groups of
macromolecules and carry out specific cellular functions. One of these organelles is the
nucleus; it encloses the DNA within the cell.
Microorganism
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, 8).
Ans: Sixth level. Single-celled life form. Consists of just one cell and include
unicellular organisms such as bacteria and protists.
9). Tissue
Ans: Seventh level. Formed when similar cells work together to fulfill the same
detailed function.
10). Organ
Ans: Eighth level. Collections of tissues that work together to carry out a common
general function. Present not only in higher level animals but also in plants.
11). Organ system
Ans: Ninth level. Consists of functionally related organs. Mammals have many.
12). Organism
Ans: Tenth Level. Individual living entities that survive and reproduce as a unit. For
example, each tree in a forest.
13). Population
Ans: Eleventh level. Consists of all the individuals of a species living within a specific
area.
14). Community
Ans: Twelfth level. Populations can interact with each other in positive and negative
ways, and together they form this.
15). Ecosystem
Ans: Thirteenth level. Consists of all the living things in a particular area together with
the abiotic, or nonliving, parts of that environment.
16). Biosphere
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, Ans: Fourteenth level. The highest level of organization in living systems. The
collection of all ecosystems on Earth. Includes all habitable zones on the planet,
including land, soil, and rocks to a great depth in the Earth's crust; water and ice; and the
atmosphere to a great height.
17). Emergent properties
Ans: Characteristics of a system that are not present in any of its component parts.
18). Biology
Ans: The scientific study of life and is the branch of science that studies living
organisms and the way organisms interact with their environments.
19). Homeostasis
Ans: The ability or tendency of organisms and cells to maintain stable internal
conditions.
20). Nutrient
Ans: Any matter an organism needs but cannot make for itself.
21). Energy
Ans: The capacity to do work or to make a change in the location, temperature, or
structure of matter. Does not have mass and it does not take up space, but it can be
measured in terms of what it does.
22). Growth
Ans: An increase in size.
23). Development
Ans: Structure and function change in an orderly way as an organism passes through
its life cycle. An individual's pattern of _______ is partly determined by genetic
instructions.
24). Reproduction
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, Ans: Occurs when an individual organism passes on its genetic information to a
newly independent organism, or offspring.
25). Evolution
Ans: A scientific theory that explains how and why life changes over time. Provides
the explanation for why all living organisms share profound similarities, and yet, the life
forms on our planet are so incredibly diverse.
26). Natural selection
Ans: Individuals are always a bit different from their parents and from each other,
partly because of changes to their genes. These differences may be helpful or harmful to
the individuals that inherit them. In nature, individuals often have very low odds of
surviving to reproduce. Individuals with slightly harmful or even average characteristics
might be less likely to make it, and those with traits that fit in very well with the local
habitat will have the greatest chance to survive and reproduce. This sorting process
goes on generation after generation.
27). Atomic mass
Ans: The sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. The mass of an
atom.
28). Atomic number
Ans: The number of protons in an atom, displayed for each atom in the periodic table.
29). Chemical bonds
Ans: Attractions between atoms that hold atoms and molecules together.
30). Covalent bonds
Ans: Strongest chemical bond. Occurs between atoms of in the same molecule.
Electron pairs are shared, creating a strong bond between atoms.
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1). Abiotic
Ans: Non-living, may be within or made by a living organism.
2). Biotic
Ans: Living. Matter is considered ______ if it was ever alive at some point in time
3). Atom
Ans: Smallest level. The basic unit of matter. Consists of a dense nucleus surrounded
by electrons.
4). Molecule
Ans: Second level. A chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held
together by a chemical bond.
5). Macromolecule
Ans: Third level. Biologically important molecules that are technically polymers.
Example: DNA.
6). Cell
Ans: Fourth level. The fundamental unit of life. Essentially a tiny droplet of water and
other molecules enclosed by a fluid "skin" or membrane. The smallest and simplest
entity that possesses all the characteristics of life.
7). Organelle
Ans: Fifth level. Compartments inside the cell that contain specific groups of
macromolecules and carry out specific cellular functions. One of these organelles is the
nucleus; it encloses the DNA within the cell.
Microorganism
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, 8).
Ans: Sixth level. Single-celled life form. Consists of just one cell and include
unicellular organisms such as bacteria and protists.
9). Tissue
Ans: Seventh level. Formed when similar cells work together to fulfill the same
detailed function.
10). Organ
Ans: Eighth level. Collections of tissues that work together to carry out a common
general function. Present not only in higher level animals but also in plants.
11). Organ system
Ans: Ninth level. Consists of functionally related organs. Mammals have many.
12). Organism
Ans: Tenth Level. Individual living entities that survive and reproduce as a unit. For
example, each tree in a forest.
13). Population
Ans: Eleventh level. Consists of all the individuals of a species living within a specific
area.
14). Community
Ans: Twelfth level. Populations can interact with each other in positive and negative
ways, and together they form this.
15). Ecosystem
Ans: Thirteenth level. Consists of all the living things in a particular area together with
the abiotic, or nonliving, parts of that environment.
16). Biosphere
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, Ans: Fourteenth level. The highest level of organization in living systems. The
collection of all ecosystems on Earth. Includes all habitable zones on the planet,
including land, soil, and rocks to a great depth in the Earth's crust; water and ice; and the
atmosphere to a great height.
17). Emergent properties
Ans: Characteristics of a system that are not present in any of its component parts.
18). Biology
Ans: The scientific study of life and is the branch of science that studies living
organisms and the way organisms interact with their environments.
19). Homeostasis
Ans: The ability or tendency of organisms and cells to maintain stable internal
conditions.
20). Nutrient
Ans: Any matter an organism needs but cannot make for itself.
21). Energy
Ans: The capacity to do work or to make a change in the location, temperature, or
structure of matter. Does not have mass and it does not take up space, but it can be
measured in terms of what it does.
22). Growth
Ans: An increase in size.
23). Development
Ans: Structure and function change in an orderly way as an organism passes through
its life cycle. An individual's pattern of _______ is partly determined by genetic
instructions.
24). Reproduction
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, Ans: Occurs when an individual organism passes on its genetic information to a
newly independent organism, or offspring.
25). Evolution
Ans: A scientific theory that explains how and why life changes over time. Provides
the explanation for why all living organisms share profound similarities, and yet, the life
forms on our planet are so incredibly diverse.
26). Natural selection
Ans: Individuals are always a bit different from their parents and from each other,
partly because of changes to their genes. These differences may be helpful or harmful to
the individuals that inherit them. In nature, individuals often have very low odds of
surviving to reproduce. Individuals with slightly harmful or even average characteristics
might be less likely to make it, and those with traits that fit in very well with the local
habitat will have the greatest chance to survive and reproduce. This sorting process
goes on generation after generation.
27). Atomic mass
Ans: The sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons. The mass of an
atom.
28). Atomic number
Ans: The number of protons in an atom, displayed for each atom in the periodic table.
29). Chemical bonds
Ans: Attractions between atoms that hold atoms and molecules together.
30). Covalent bonds
Ans: Strongest chemical bond. Occurs between atoms of in the same molecule.
Electron pairs are shared, creating a strong bond between atoms.
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