MLS Hematology Exam| 263 QUESTIONS| WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is the first type of cell produced by the developing embryo?
Erythrocyte
What percentage of tissue located in the bone marrow cavities of adults is fat?
50%
Which of the following is not characteristic of pluripotent hematopoietic stem
cells?
Express the stem marker CD13
In an adult, what are the two best areas for obtaining active bone marrow by
aspiration?
Posterior iliac crest, sternum
What is the normal ratio of myeloid to erythroid precursors in bone marrow (M:E
ratio)?
4:1
Which of the following does not accurately describe hematopoietic growth
factors?
Action of majority is lineage restricted
In the third month of gestation, what is the primary site of hematopoiesis?
Liver
The mechanism that relays information about tissue oxygen levels to
erythropoietin-producing sites is located in the:
Kidney
Antigen-independent lymphopoiesis occurs in primary lymphoid tissue located in
the:
Thymus and bone marrow
Programmed cell death is called:
Apoptosis
In what area of the bone marrow does hematopoiesis take place?
Cords
Bone marrow cellularity refers to the ration of:
Hematopoietic tissue to adipose tissue
Interleukins and colony stimulating factors are cytokines produced by:
Monocytes and T lymphocytes
What is the approximate total blood volume in an adult?
6L
The myeloid progenitor cell can produce cells committed to:
Granulocytic, erythrocytic, monocytic, or megakaryocytic lineages
The largest hematopoietic cells in normal bone marrow are:
Megakaryocytes
When evaluating a bone marrow aspirate smear, which finding is considered
abnormal?
The presence of 10% myeloblasts on the cell differential count
As most blood cell lines mature, which of the following is characteristic?
,Nucleus to cytoplasm ratio (N:C) decreases
Which of the following describes thrombopoietin (TPO)?
Hormone produced by the liver that stimulates megakaryopoiesis
When the hepatic phase of fetal life is reactivated in an adult, hematopoiesis can
be termed:
Myeloid metaplasia or extramedullary
What is the average life span of a normal red blood cell?
120 days
The Na+-K+ cation pump is an important mechanism in keeping the red blood cell
intact. Its function is to maintain a high level of:
Intracellular K+
Which of the following depicts the structure of the hemoglobin molecule?
Four heme groups, four globin chains
Which of the following describes the process known as culling?
Removal of abnormal red cells by spleen
Hemoglobin forms that are incapable of oxygen transport include:
Carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin
The majority of iron found in an adult is a constituent of:
Hemoglobin
A senescent red blood cell is one that has:
Lived its life span
What red cell morphologic abnormality is described by the term "poikilocytosis"?
Deviations from normal shape
Howell-Jolly bodies are composed of:
DNA
When spherocytes are reported, what is observed on the peripheral blood smear?
Red cells without a central pallor
The red cells found in lead poisoning characteristically exhibit coarse granules
composed of __________ that are reported as _________.
Aggregated ribosomes; basophilic stippling
Rouleaux of red blood cells when seen in the monolayer of a blood smear is
characteristic of:
Multiple myeloma
Which of the following is most frequently associated with the inclusion bodies
seen in Color Plate 1?
Post-splenectomy
Which of the following statements about iron absorption is true?
Absorption increases when erythropoietic activity increases
What term describes a mature red blood cell that contains iron granules or
deposits?
Siderocyte
Which of the following is associated with a "shift to the left" in the oxygen
dissociation curve of hemoglobin?
Decreased oxygen release
Which of the following statements does not characterize erythropoietin (EPO)?
Decreases stimulation of erythropoiesis when cellular hypoxia increases
, Which of the following factors will result in an immediate increase in oxygen
delivery to the tissues?
Increased hemoglobin binding of 2,3-BPG
Periods of intense erythropoietin activity cause premature release of marrow
reticulocytes into the blood. Which of the following is not true of these early
reticulocytes?
Loss of residual RNA occurs immediately upon marrow release
Which of the following inclusions is only visible with supravital staining?
Heinz bodies
The presence of schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear is commonly
associated with:
Increased red cell destruction
Which of the following may be a sign of accelerated bone marrow erythropoiesis?
Nucleated red cells in the peripheral circulation
Microcytic, hypochromic red cells are most often associated with impaired:
Hemoglobin synthesis
When in bone marrow, nucleated red cells present would be staged as:
Orthochromic normoblasts
When acanthocytes are found on the blood smear, it is usually the result of:
Altered membrane lipids
Which erythrocyte metabolic pathway generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
via glycolysis?
Embden-Meyerhof
Which of the following red blood cell precursors is the last stage to undergo
mitosis?
Polychromatophilic normoblast
The major adult hemoglobin requires the synthesis of alpha-globin chains and:
Beta-globin chains
Defective nuclear maturation commonly results in the production of red cells that
are:
Macrocytic
The major storage form of iron is:
Ferritin
The red cells observed on a peripheral blood smear show extreme anisocytosis
with an equal number of macrocytes and microcytes. Which of the following
values correlate with this finding?
MCV 90.0fL, RDW 25.0%
Excessive extravascular red cell destruction is associated with:
Bilirubinemia
Which protein is primarily responsible for transport of hemoglobin dimers
resulting from intravascular hemolysis?
Haptoglobin
The morphologic abnormality characteristically found in hemoglobinopathies is:
Codocytes
Where do the early and late stages of heme synthesis occur?
In mitochondria
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What is the first type of cell produced by the developing embryo?
Erythrocyte
What percentage of tissue located in the bone marrow cavities of adults is fat?
50%
Which of the following is not characteristic of pluripotent hematopoietic stem
cells?
Express the stem marker CD13
In an adult, what are the two best areas for obtaining active bone marrow by
aspiration?
Posterior iliac crest, sternum
What is the normal ratio of myeloid to erythroid precursors in bone marrow (M:E
ratio)?
4:1
Which of the following does not accurately describe hematopoietic growth
factors?
Action of majority is lineage restricted
In the third month of gestation, what is the primary site of hematopoiesis?
Liver
The mechanism that relays information about tissue oxygen levels to
erythropoietin-producing sites is located in the:
Kidney
Antigen-independent lymphopoiesis occurs in primary lymphoid tissue located in
the:
Thymus and bone marrow
Programmed cell death is called:
Apoptosis
In what area of the bone marrow does hematopoiesis take place?
Cords
Bone marrow cellularity refers to the ration of:
Hematopoietic tissue to adipose tissue
Interleukins and colony stimulating factors are cytokines produced by:
Monocytes and T lymphocytes
What is the approximate total blood volume in an adult?
6L
The myeloid progenitor cell can produce cells committed to:
Granulocytic, erythrocytic, monocytic, or megakaryocytic lineages
The largest hematopoietic cells in normal bone marrow are:
Megakaryocytes
When evaluating a bone marrow aspirate smear, which finding is considered
abnormal?
The presence of 10% myeloblasts on the cell differential count
As most blood cell lines mature, which of the following is characteristic?
,Nucleus to cytoplasm ratio (N:C) decreases
Which of the following describes thrombopoietin (TPO)?
Hormone produced by the liver that stimulates megakaryopoiesis
When the hepatic phase of fetal life is reactivated in an adult, hematopoiesis can
be termed:
Myeloid metaplasia or extramedullary
What is the average life span of a normal red blood cell?
120 days
The Na+-K+ cation pump is an important mechanism in keeping the red blood cell
intact. Its function is to maintain a high level of:
Intracellular K+
Which of the following depicts the structure of the hemoglobin molecule?
Four heme groups, four globin chains
Which of the following describes the process known as culling?
Removal of abnormal red cells by spleen
Hemoglobin forms that are incapable of oxygen transport include:
Carboxyhemoglobin and methemoglobin
The majority of iron found in an adult is a constituent of:
Hemoglobin
A senescent red blood cell is one that has:
Lived its life span
What red cell morphologic abnormality is described by the term "poikilocytosis"?
Deviations from normal shape
Howell-Jolly bodies are composed of:
DNA
When spherocytes are reported, what is observed on the peripheral blood smear?
Red cells without a central pallor
The red cells found in lead poisoning characteristically exhibit coarse granules
composed of __________ that are reported as _________.
Aggregated ribosomes; basophilic stippling
Rouleaux of red blood cells when seen in the monolayer of a blood smear is
characteristic of:
Multiple myeloma
Which of the following is most frequently associated with the inclusion bodies
seen in Color Plate 1?
Post-splenectomy
Which of the following statements about iron absorption is true?
Absorption increases when erythropoietic activity increases
What term describes a mature red blood cell that contains iron granules or
deposits?
Siderocyte
Which of the following is associated with a "shift to the left" in the oxygen
dissociation curve of hemoglobin?
Decreased oxygen release
Which of the following statements does not characterize erythropoietin (EPO)?
Decreases stimulation of erythropoiesis when cellular hypoxia increases
, Which of the following factors will result in an immediate increase in oxygen
delivery to the tissues?
Increased hemoglobin binding of 2,3-BPG
Periods of intense erythropoietin activity cause premature release of marrow
reticulocytes into the blood. Which of the following is not true of these early
reticulocytes?
Loss of residual RNA occurs immediately upon marrow release
Which of the following inclusions is only visible with supravital staining?
Heinz bodies
The presence of schistocytes on the peripheral blood smear is commonly
associated with:
Increased red cell destruction
Which of the following may be a sign of accelerated bone marrow erythropoiesis?
Nucleated red cells in the peripheral circulation
Microcytic, hypochromic red cells are most often associated with impaired:
Hemoglobin synthesis
When in bone marrow, nucleated red cells present would be staged as:
Orthochromic normoblasts
When acanthocytes are found on the blood smear, it is usually the result of:
Altered membrane lipids
Which erythrocyte metabolic pathway generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
via glycolysis?
Embden-Meyerhof
Which of the following red blood cell precursors is the last stage to undergo
mitosis?
Polychromatophilic normoblast
The major adult hemoglobin requires the synthesis of alpha-globin chains and:
Beta-globin chains
Defective nuclear maturation commonly results in the production of red cells that
are:
Macrocytic
The major storage form of iron is:
Ferritin
The red cells observed on a peripheral blood smear show extreme anisocytosis
with an equal number of macrocytes and microcytes. Which of the following
values correlate with this finding?
MCV 90.0fL, RDW 25.0%
Excessive extravascular red cell destruction is associated with:
Bilirubinemia
Which protein is primarily responsible for transport of hemoglobin dimers
resulting from intravascular hemolysis?
Haptoglobin
The morphologic abnormality characteristically found in hemoglobinopathies is:
Codocytes
Where do the early and late stages of heme synthesis occur?
In mitochondria
